航天器火工冲击环境数据外推技术研究  

Study on Data Extrapolation Techniques for Pyroshock Environments on Spacecraft

作　　者：李青[1] 任德鹏[1] 杜青[1] 贺晓洋 LI Qing;REN De-peng;DU Qing;HE Xiao-yang(Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094

出　　处：《宇航学报》2021年第5期650-659,共10页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：国家重大科技专项工程。

摘　　要：为了制定可靠的组件冲击试验条件,需要预示航天器火工冲击环境。在分析了航天器火工冲击环境预示的三类方法,包括试验法、数值分析法和数据外推法的基础上,详细总结和分析了数据外推法的国内外研究进展,并通过理论推导提出了新的数据外推公式;以大量火工冲击测量数据为参照,通过对比分析证明该数据外推公式比NASA和ESA的数据外推公式在中高频段上具有更好的预示精度和数据包络性,并且在理论上具有更宽的适用范围。所介绍的火工冲击环境数据外推技术可用于航天器组件冲击环境的快速估算,并为制定冲击试验条件提供参考。Pyroshock environments on spacecraft are complex transient high-frequency mechanical environments,which may irreversibly damage the components onboard or even the whole spacecraft by high-amplitude transient accelerations.Thus,the components need to pass the shock tests which simulate the pyroshock environments in the ground laboratory.Especially for the electrical and electronic components,close attention should be paid to whether brittle materials are cracked,welding spots are broken,relays and switches are turned over,and so forth.Accordingly,in order to establish the reliable shock test conditions for the components,it is necessary to predict the pyroshock environments on spacecraft.This paper summarizes three methods for predicting pyroshock environments on spacecraft,including simulation test method,numerical analysis method and data extrapolation method.A detailed research review of the data extrapolation method is presented,and a new data extrapolation equation is proposed by theoretical derivations.By comparative studies on a large amount of pyroshock measurement data,it is verified that the prediction accuracy of the proposed equation is better than those of NASA’s equation and ESA’s equation in the middle and high frequencies.The data extrapolation technique introduced in this paper is applicable for quickly estimating pyroshock environments of the components on spacecraft,which provides reference for designing shock test specifications.

关 键 词：航天器 火工冲击 环境预示 数据外推 

分 类 号：V41[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]