miRNA参与逆境胁迫的研究进展及抗病育种展望  

Research Progress of Adverse Stress Related miRNA and Prospects of Disease Resistance Breeding

作　　者：姚晓华[1,2,3] 王越 安立昆 吴昆仑[1,2,3] Yao Xiaohua;Wang Yue;An Likun;Wu Kunlun(Qinghai University,Xining,810016;Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Xining,810016;Qinghai Subcenter of National Hulless Barley Improvement,Qinghai Key Laboratory ofHulless Barley Genetics and Breeding,Qinghai University,Xining,810016)

机构地区：[1]青海大学,西宁810016 [2]青海省农林科学院,西宁市810016 [3]青海大学,青海省青稞遗传育种重点实验室,国家麦类改良中心青海青稞分中心,西宁810016

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第10期3456-3462,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660388,31960427);国家大麦产业技术体系(CARS-05);青海省应用基础研究项目(2019-ZJ-7075);自然科学基金项目(2020-0302-ZJC-0019)共同资助。

摘　　要：MicroRNA(miRNA)是一类19~24 nt的非编码小分子RNA,由一段具有发卡结构的单链RNA前体剪切后生成,在植物的生长发育和胁迫响应中发挥重要作用。本研究总结了植物miRNA的合成途径和作用机制,miRNA参与植物生物胁迫和非生物胁迫响应的机理和作用等,并对其在作物抗病育种中的前景进行分析,从而为miRNA调控靶基因而提高作物抗病性研究提供新突破。MicroRNA(miRNA)is a kind of non-coding small RNA with 19~24 nucleotides,which is generated by a single-stranded RNA precursor with hairpin structure.MicroRNA plays an important role in plant growth,development and stress response.This paper described the synthesis pathway and mechanism of miRNA of plant,meanwhile the mechanism of miRNA in both plant biotic and abiotic stress response were reviewed.Then,the prospect of disease resistance in crop breeding was analyzed,which will provide a new breakthrough for the study of miRNA regulation of target genes to improve crop disease resistance.

关 键 词：MIRNA 逆境胁迫 靶基因 抗病育种 

分 类 号：S332.2[农业科学—作物遗传育种]