四川察青松多白唇鹿国家级自然保护区野生兽类的红外相机初步监测  

Preliminary Camera-trapping Survey of Wild Mammals in Chaqingsongduo White-lipped Deer National Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province

作　　者：罗华林 郑天才 尼玛降措 杨旭 杨彪 李生强 LUO Hualin;ZHENG Tiancai;NIMa jiangcuo;YANG Xu;YANG Biao;LI Shengqiang(Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Baiyu County,Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Baiyu 627150,China;Baiyu County Nature Reserve Service Center,Baiyu 627150,China;Chengdu Xing-Ai Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610051,China;Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education),China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002,China;Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda,Chengdu 610057,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]甘孜藏族自治州白玉县林业和草原局,四川白玉627150 [2]白玉县自然保护区服务中心,四川白玉627150 [3]成都兴艾信息技术有限公司,四川成都610051 [4]西华师范大学,西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川南充637002 [5]四川省大熊猫科学研究院,四川成都610057 [6]广西师范大学,广西珍稀濒危动物生态学重点实验室,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2021年第3期24-34,共11页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：2017年8月至2018年8月,利用红外相机技术对四川察青松多白唇鹿国家级自然保护区内野生兽类开展监测研究。研究期间共计88个有效相机监测位点,共计6 031个有效相机日,共获得野生兽类照片8 708张,视频423段,能够准确识别到具体物种的照片8 508张,视频403段,独立有效记录1 237次,共准确识别出野生兽类5目11科23种。其中,食肉目最多,有10种;其次是偶蹄目,有9种;而啮齿目、灵长目和兔形目均较少,仅分别有2种、1种和1种。被列为国家Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物的分别为4种和10种;被IUCN红色名录评为"濒危(EN)"等级的有2种,"近危(NT)"等级的有3种,"易危(VU)"等级的有5种。马麝(Moschus chrysogaster,RAI=11.95;SO=75.00%)、白唇鹿(Przewalskium albirostris, RAI=3.93;SO=37.50%)、岩羊(Pseudois nayaur, RAI=1.04;SO=21.59%)、野猪(Sus scrofa, RAI=0.96;SO=26.14%)和中华鬣羚(Capricornis milneedwardsii, RAI=0.71;SO=23.86%)的相对多度指数和位点占有率均居于兽类物种的前5位。本次调查获得了该保护区内珍贵的野生动物红外影像资料,初步了解了该保护区野生兽类的种类、相对多度、分布以及干扰因子等情况。本研究为保护区1991年成立以来首次利用红外相机开展监测研究,研究结果对进一步掌握保护区野生兽类多样性及分布现状等本底资料具有重要意义,同时为保护区后续的科学研究与保护管理积累了重要的基础数据。From August 2017 to August 2018, infrared camera technology was used to monitor and study wild mammals in Chaqingsongduo White-lipped Deer National Nature Reserve, Sichuan province. In this study, based on intensive survey of 6 031 efficient camera days at 88 locations, a total of 8 708 photographs and 423 videos of wild mammals were captured, among them 8 508 photographs and 403 videos of specific species of mammals were accurately identified and 1 237 independent and effective records were recorded. A total of 23 wild mammal species were identified, belonging to 11 families and 5 orders. Among them, Carnivora(10 species, 4 families) were the highest in species richness, followed by Artiodactyla(9 species, 4 families), Rodentia(2 species, 1 families), Primates(1 species, 1 families) and Lagomorpha(1 species, 1 families). Four species were listed as Class Ⅰ national key protected wild animals in China and ten species as Class Ⅱ. Two mammal species was evaluated as Endangered(EN) by IUCN Red List, three species as Near Threatened(NT) and five species as Vulnerable(VU). Based on the relative abundance index(RAI) and site occupancy(SO), Alpine Musk Deer(Moschus chrysogaster)(RAI=11.95;SO=75.00%), Whitelipped Deer(Przewalskium albirostris)(RAI=3.93;SO=37.50%), Blue Sheep(Pseudois nayaur)(RAI=1.04;SO=21.59%), Wild Boar(Sus scrofa)(RAI=0.96;SO=26.14%) and Chinese Serow(Capricornis milneedwardsii)(RAI=0.71;SO=23.86%) were ranked as the top five abundant mammal species. The valuable infrared image data of precious wildlife were obtained, and the species, relative abundance, distribution and disturbance factors of wild animals were preliminarily understood in the reserve. This study is the first monitoring study conducted by infrared camera since the establishment of the reserve in 1991. The research results are of great significance to further grasp the background data such as the diversity and distribution status of wild animals in the reserve, and meanwhile accumulate important basic data for the subsequent scienti

关 键 词：四川察青松多白唇鹿国家级自然保护区 红外相机技术 兽类多样性 相对多度 位点占有率 

分 类 号：TN219[电子电信—物理电子学] S759.9[农业科学—森林经理学]