天津市新型冠状病毒肺炎家庭聚集性疫情流行特征及续发率  

Epidemiological characteristics and secondary attack rate of COVID-2019 family clustering events in Tianjin

作　　者：高璐[1] 周朋辉[1] 刘辉[1] 李佳萌[1] 周宁[2] 郭燕[2] 张晓萌 张颖[1] GAO Lu;ZHOU Peng-hui;LIU Hui;LI Jia-meng;ZHOU Ning;GUO Yan;ZHANG Xiao-meng;ZHANG Ying(Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Room,Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin,300011,China;STD/AIDS Prevention and Control Room,Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin,300011,China;Research Office,Tianjin Tuberculosis Control Center,Tianjin,300011,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心传染病控制室,天津300011 [2]天津市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制室,天津300011 [3]天津市结核病控制中心研究室,天津300011

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第6期793-795,799,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目(课题)(2017ZX10103007-002)。

摘　　要：目的探讨天津市新型冠状病毒肺炎家庭聚集性疫情流行特征及续发率。方法采取现场调查及人工筛查的方法收集2020年1月20日—2月20日天津市报告的新型冠状病毒家庭聚集性发病及处置相关资料。结果2020年1月21日—2月20日共报告27起家庭聚集性疫情,涉及病例82例,占此间报告病例(131例)的62.60%。家庭共同暴露1起,26起有明确传播链,一代病例26例,二代病例53例,二代病例续发率20.46%(53/259),无三代病例。发病年龄集中在30~<80岁,占84.15%。农民发病最多,占总病例数的24.39%。家庭一代病例与二代病例发病时间间隔中位数为5天,最短1天,最长为14天。夫妻、父母、子女关系的发病间隔中位数为4天,兄弟姐妹、外戚、邻居发病间隔中位数为6天。近郊地区、远郊地区和市区二代病例续发率分别为25.81%、22.83%和15.84%。近郊地区、远郊地区家庭聚集性疫情二代续发率均高于市区,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。家庭中发病数4~8例的有8个,其中6个有2次以上家庭聚餐。有2次以上家庭聚餐史的二代续发率(32.05%)高于其他家庭(15.47%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论家庭密切接触是造成疫情传播的原因之一,特别是家庭聚餐或家庭集体外出。家庭聚集性疫情的续发率较高,因此在疫情高发期应减少家庭成员的大规模聚集,减少暴露机会。Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and secondary attack rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-2019)family clustering events in Tianjin.Methods The data of incidence and disposal of COVID-2019 family clustering events from January 20 to February 20,2020 in Tianjin were collected by field investigation and manual screening.Results From January 21 to February 20,2020,27 family clustering events were reported,involving 82 cases,accounting for 62.60%of the total reported cases(131 cases).There was one event of family exposure,26 events had clear transmission chain.There were 26 cases of the first generation,53 cases of the second generation,with the secondary attack rate of 20.46%(53/259),and no cases of the third generation.The age of onset was concentrated in 30-<80 years old,accounting for 84.15%.Most of cases were farmers,accounting for 24.39%of the total.The interval median between the first generation and the second generation in the family was 5 days,while the shortest was 1 day and the longest was 14 days.The onset interval median of the relationship between husband and wife,parents and children was 4 days,and that between brothers and sisters,relatives and neighbors was 6 days.The secondary attack rate in suburban,outer suburban and urban area was 25.81%,22.83%and 15.84%,respectively.The secondary attack rate of family clustering events in outer suburban and suburban areas were both higher than that in urban area,and the differences were statistically significant(both P<0.01).There were 8 family clustering events with 4-8 cases,6 of which had more than two family meals.The secondary attack rate in families with more than two family meals(32.05%)was higher than that in other families(15.47%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion Closed family contact is one of the reasons for the spread of the epidemic,especially family meals or family collective outing.The secondary attack rate of family clustering events is high,so the large-scale aggregation of family mem

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 家庭聚集性疫情 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]