柳州市城市生活饮用水消毒安全性评价  

Safety assessment on disinfection of urban drinking water in Liuzhou City

作　　者：冯看[1] 陈柳军[2] 覃芸[1] 李毅然 郑文彬[3] 琚赛琴 覃明林 FENG Kan;CHEN Liu-jun;QIN Yun;LI Yi-ran;ZHENG Wen-bin;JU Sai-qin;QIN Ming-lin(Institute of Physical and Chemical Examination,Liuzhou Centre for Disease Prevention and Control,Liuzhou,Guangxi,545007,China;Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology,Liuzhou Centre for Disease Prevention and Control,Liuzhou,Guangxi,545007,China;Institute of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Liuzhou Centre for Disease Prevention and Control,Liuzhou,Guangxi,545007,China)

机构地区：[1]柳州市疾病预防控制中心理化检验所,广西柳州545007 [2]柳州市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验所,广西柳州545007 [3]柳州市疾病预防控制中心传染病防治所,广西柳州545007

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第7期951-955,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生和计划生育委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z20180263)。

摘　　要：目的了解2018—2019年柳州市城市生活饮用水中挥发性卤代烃及微生物污染情况,评估水消毒的灭菌效果及挥发性卤代烃的暴露风险,评价水消毒后的饮用安全性。方法采用吹扫捕集-气相色谱法测定柳州市城市生活饮用水中19种挥发性卤代烃的含量,按照GB/T 5750.12—2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法微生物指标》测定水样中大肠杆菌、菌落总数、耐热大肠菌群、大肠埃希菌4个微生物指标,通过挥发性卤代烃健康风险评估和微生物检出及超标情况,评价水消毒后的饮用安全性。结果柳州市城市生活饮用水挥发性卤代烃致癌风险为4.43×10^(-7)~3.76×10^(-5),非致癌风险为1.85×10-3~1.41×10^(-1),微生物指标的检出率为19.45%,超标率为0.92%,末梢水和二次供水的致癌风险和非致癌风险比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),而微生物检出率和超标率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论柳州市城市生活饮用水挥发性卤代烃的致癌风险和非致癌风险均在可接受范围内,微生物指标有检出并超标,生活饮用水消毒后仍存一定的卤代烃致癌与微生物致病的健康风险,二次供水致癌和非致癌风险高于末梢水,需要对相关风险提出控制措施,提高饮水安全性。Objective To investigate the pollution status of volatile halohydrocarbons and microorganisms in urban drinking water in Liuzhou City form 2018-2019,evaluate the sterilization effect of water disinfection and the exposure risk of volatile halohydrocarbons,and assess the drinking safety after water disinfection.Methods The contents of 19 volatile halohydrocarbons in urban drinking water in Liuzhou City were detected by purge and trap-gas chromatography.Four microbial indicators in drinking water samples,including Escherichia coli,total number of colonies,heat-resistant coliform,Escherichia coli,were detected according to the Standard examination methods for drinking water-microbiological parameters(GB/T 5750.12-2006).The drinking safety after water disinfection was evaluated by the health risk assessment of volatile halohydrocarbons,and the detection and overstandard status of microorganisms.Results The values of carcinogenic risk for volatile halohydrocarbons in urban drinking water in Liuzhou City were 4.43×10^(-7)-3.76×10^(-5),the values of non-carcinogenic risk were 1.85×10-3-1.41×10^(-1),the detection rate of microbial indicators was 19.45%,and the over-standard rate was 0.92%.There were statistically significant differences in the carcinogenic risk and the non-carcinogenic risk between peripheral water and secondary water supply(all P<0.05),but the differences in the detection rate of microbial indicators and the over-standard rate were not statistically significant(all P>0.05).Conclusion The values of carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk by volatile halohydrocarbons of urban drinking water in Liuzhou City are within the acceptable range,and the microbiological indicators have been detected and exceeded the standard.There are a certain health risks of halogenated hydrocarbon carcinogenesis and microbial pathogenicity in the drinking water after disinfection,and the risks of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic of secondary water supply are higher than those of peripheral water.It is necessary to prop

关 键 词：生活饮用水 消毒 挥发性卤代烃 微生物 安全性评估 

分 类 号：R123.6[医药卫生—环境卫生学]