环境敏感型水凝胶在药物递送中的应用  

Application of environmentally sensitive hydrogels in drug delivery

作　　者：张圆圆[1,2] 杜丽娜 金义光[2] ZHANG Yuan-yuan;DU Li-na;JIN Yi-guang(Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China;Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine,Beijing 100850,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学,山东济南250355 [2]军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京100850

出　　处：《药学学报》2021年第5期1314-1331,共18页Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica

基　　金：北京自然科学基金面上资助项目(7202147)。

摘　　要：环境敏感型水凝胶是近年来发展迅速的一种药物递送新剂型,它能基于不同生理环境在用药局部形成黏附性较好的半固体,局部滞留时间长有利于持续释药,且制备工艺简单易于实现工业化。本综述从其分类、常用聚合物和给药途径角度总结归纳了环境敏感型水凝胶的最新研究进展:根据响应因素环境敏感型水凝胶具体可分为温度、pH、离子、光及多重敏感型水凝胶,其中以温度敏感型最为常见;常用环境敏感型聚合物包括壳聚糖、聚N-异丙烯基酰胺、泊洛沙姆等。作为一种新型药物递送系统,环境敏感型水凝胶给药途径广泛,包括经皮、眼用、鼻用、口腔、阴道、直肠和注射等,在临床应用中具有广阔前景。Environmentally sensitive hydrogels are a novel formulation that has developed rapidly in recent years.It could form semi-solid with good adhesion in the topical sites based on different physiological environments.Its long local retention time is conducive for sustained drug release,and the preparation process is relatively simple and easy to realize industrialization.This review summarized the categories,commonly used polymer,and different administration routes based on the recently published literatures.According to different response factors,it can be divided into temperature,pH,ion,light,and multiple sensitive hydrogels,among which temperature-sensitive hydrogels are the most common.The most commonly used polymers include chitosan,poly N-isopropyl acrylamide,and poloxamer.There are different administration routes for environmentally sensitive hydrogels,such as transdermal,ophthalmic,nasal,oral,vaginal,rectal,injection,etc.Environmentally sensitive hydrogels have broad prospects in clinical application.

关 键 词：温度敏感型水凝胶 pH敏感型水凝胶 酶敏感型水凝胶 给药途径 聚合物 环境敏感型 

分 类 号：R943[医药卫生—药剂学]