商丘地区60岁及以上患呼吸系统疾病人群的吸烟相关行为状况初探  

Preliminary study on smoking-related behaviors of people aged 60 and over suffering from respiratory diseases in Shangqiu area

作　　者：田景霞[1] 张伟华[1] 魏晓颖[2] 许爱国[3] Tian Jingxia;Zhang Weihua;Wei Xiaoying;Xu Aiguo(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Shangqiu First People′s Hospital,Shangqiu 476100,China;Department of Nephropathy Rheumatology,Shangqiu First People′s Hospital,Shangqiu 476100,China;Department of Respiratory and Critical Care,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]商丘市第一人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科,商丘476100 [2]商丘市第一人民医院肾病风湿科,商丘476100 [3]郑州大学第一附属医院呼吸与危重症科,郑州450052

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2021年第5期698-702,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划 (20B320032)。

摘　　要：探讨商丘地区≥60岁呼吸系统疾病人群吸烟相关行为状况。收集2015年4月至2017年4月在商丘市第一人民医院就诊的≥60岁呼吸系统疾病患者550例作为调查对象,其中男351例,女199例;年龄60~86(72.85±5.71)岁。随访至2020年4月,随访3年及以上,收集相关信息及死亡信息。采用多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析调查对象吸烟行为对≥60岁呼吸系统疾病人群死亡风险的影响。共纳入调查人数550例,剔除失访病例25例,有效人数525例,调查有效率95.45%;525例患者中,男336例(64.00%),女189例(36.00%);年龄60~86(72.69±5.64)岁,受教育程度以高中及中专为主,占全部人数的39.24%,原发病包括气管炎/支气管炎、哮喘病、肺炎、COPD及肺癌。525例≥60岁呼吸系统疾病患者中,不抽烟者占11.05%(58/525),吸烟者占68.00%(357/525),戒烟者占20.95%(110/525),吸烟时长以>20年为主,占33.33%(175/525);吸烟强度以中度为主,占33.90%(178/525);戒烟时长以<5年为主,占8.76%(46/525)。随访至2020年4月,525例≥60岁呼吸系统疾病患者死亡率为14.10%(74/525);Cox回归分析,吸烟时长、吸烟强度、累计吸烟量、戒烟时长是商丘地区≥60岁呼吸系统疾病患者死亡的影响因素(P<0.05)。吸烟时长、吸烟强度、累计吸烟量、戒烟时长可能是商丘地区≥60岁呼吸系统疾病患者死亡的独立危险因素,可能增加死亡相对危险度。The purpose of this study is to explore the smoking-related behaviors of people≥60 years of age with respiratory diseases in Shangqiu area.A total of 550 patients with respiratory diseases≥60 years old who were treated at the First People′s Hospital of Shangqiu from April 2015 to April 2017 were selected as the survey subjects through random sampling.Among them,there were 351 males and 199 females;the age ranged from 60 to 86(72.85±5.71)years old.Follow-up until April 2020,and the follow-up was 3 years or more and related information and death information were also collected.The multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the influence of smoking behavior in the survey subjects on the death risk of people with respiratory diseases≥60 years old.A total of 550 cases were included in the survey,and 25 cases were lost to follow-up.The effective number was 525,and the survey effective rate was 95.45%.Among the 525 patients,336(64.00%)were males and 189(36.00%)were females.The age ranged from 60 to 86(72.69±5.64)years old.The education level was mainly high school and technical secondary school,accounting for 39.24%of the total population.The primary diseases included tracheitis/bronchitis,asthma,pneumonia,COPD and lung cancer.Among 525 patients with respiratory diseases≥60 years old,non-smokers accounted for 11.05%(58/525),smokers accounted for 68.00%(357/525),and quitters accounted for 20.95%(110/525).The duration of smoking was more than 20 years,accounting for 33.33%(175/525).The smoking intensity was mainly moderate,accounting for 33.90%(178/525).The duration of smoking cessation was mainly<5 years,accounting for 8.76%(46/525).Follow-up until April 2020,the mortality rate of 525 patients with respiratory diseases≥60 years old was 14.10%(74/525).Cox regression analysis showed that smoking duration,smoking intensity,cumulative smoking amount,and duration of smoking cessation were the influencing factors of death in patients with respiratory diseases≥60 years old in Shang

关 键 词：呼吸系统疾病 吸烟 现况 死亡 危险因素 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]