安顺市茶园主要害虫种类及其无公害防治  

Species of Main Pests and Pollution-free Control in TeaPlantation of Anshun City

作　　者：孙月华 张昌容[2] 严云刚 孙翠英 刘青青 朱德平 SUN Yuehua;ZHANG Changrong;YAN Yungang;SUN Cuiying;LIU Qingqing;ZHU Deping(Agricultural College,Anshun University,Anshun,Guizhou 561000;Institute of Plant Protection,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Anshun Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anshun,Guizhou 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]安顺学院农学院,贵州安顺561000 [2]贵州省农业科学院植物保护研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [3]安顺市农业科学院,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2021年第4期60-65,共6页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“小花蝽-储蓄植物系统’的构建及应用研究”(31660542);贵州省自然科学基金项目“重要生防天敌小花蝽在防控茶叶害虫上的高效利用研究”[黔科合基础(2020)1Z024];贵州省普通高等学校科技拔尖人才支持计划项目“贵州杀虫植物资源调查及杀虫活性成分研究”[黔教合KY字(2016)096];贵州省科技厅、安顺市政府、安顺学院联合基金项目“防治茶园害螨的植物源杀螨剂筛选试验研究”[黔科合LH字(2014)7514];安顺学院校级SRT项目“安顺市杀虫植物资源调查和开发”(Asxysrt201809)

摘　　要：【目的】为了进一步明确安顺市茶园茶树主要害虫的发生状况,为制定绿色无公害害虫防治策略及促进安顺市生态茶园可持续发展提供参考。【方法】采用定点调查法、访谈法与查阅文献资料相结合对安顺市主要茶园害虫种类、发生程度及无公害防治进行系统调查。【结果】安顺市茶园主要害虫有假眼小绿叶蝉、茶小绿叶蝉、茶棍蓟马、茶黄蓟马、茶蚜、白粉虱、黑刺粉虱、长白盾蚧、茶牡蛎盾蚧、茶角蜡蚧、茶尺蠖、茶毛虫、茶小蓑蛾、稻绿蝽、中华稻蝗、茶天牛、拟毛黄鳃金龟、侧多食跗线螨、茶橙瘿螨、茶叶瘿螨、卵形短须螨、神泽氏叶螨、油葫芦、东方蝼蛄和小地老虎等25种,以蚧类、叶蝉类、蓟马类和螨类发生最多且最普遍;茶小绿叶蝉、茶黄蓟马、茶蚜、白粉虱、长白盾蚧、茶橙瘿螨、茶叶瘿螨和东方蝼蛄的发生危害达严重危害程度(+++级)。【结论】安顺市茶园害虫发生普遍且部分害虫危害较重,要结合安顺市茶园害虫发生与防控现状,提出集农业防治、生物防治、物理防治和生物农药防治于一体的绿色防控措施。【Objective】The occurrence status of main pests in tea plantation of Anshun City is clarified to provide a reference for formulating green and pollution-free pest control and prevention strategy and promoting sustainable development of ecological tea plantation in Anshun City.【Method】The pest species,occurrence degree and pollution-free control and prevention in main tea plantation of Anshun City are investigated systematically by using the fixed-point investigation method,interview method combined with literature consulting method.【Result】The main pests in tea plantation of Anshun City include 25 species of Empoasca vitis Gothe,Empoasca pirisuga Matumura,Dendrothrips minowai Priesner,Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood,Toxoptera aurantii Boyer,Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood,Aleurocanthus spiniferus Quaintanca,Leucaspis japonica Cockerell,Lepidosaphes fubulorum Eerris,Ceroplastes pseudoceriferus Green,Ectropis oblique hypulina Wehrli,Euproctis pseudoconspersa Strand,Clania minuscula Butler,Nezara viridula Linnaeus,Oxya chinensis Thunb.,Aeolesthes induta Newman,Holotrihia trichophora Fairmaire,Polyphagotarsonemus Latus Banks,Acaphylla theae Watt,Calacarus carinatus Green,Breuipalpus oboyats Donnadieu,Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida,Cryllus testaceus Walker,Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister and Agrotis ypsilon Rottemberg.The occurrence of scale,leafhoppers,thrips and mites is the most common.The damages of Empoasca pirisuga Matumura,Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood,Toxoptera aurantii Boyer,Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood,Leucaspis japonica Cockerell,Acaphylla theae Watt,Calacarus carinatus Green and Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister reach the serious level(+++).【Conclusion】Tea plantation occurs pests commonly and some pests damage seriously.Combing with the pest occurrence and prevention and control status in tea plantation of Anshun City,the green prevention and control measures integrating agricultural control,bio-control,physical control and bio-pesticide are put forward.

关 键 词：茶园 害虫 无公害防治 防治措施 安顺 贵州 

分 类 号：S435.711[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]