冷藏设备防除冰表面非连续特征设计与试验  

Design and experiment of the non-continuous anti-icing surface for refrigeration equipment

作　　者：陈奕颖 丛茜[1,2] 任露泉 金敬福[1] 陈廷坤 Chen Yiying;Cong Qian;Ren Luquan;Jin Jingfu;Chen Tingkun(College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering,Ministry of Education,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,长春130022 [2]吉林大学工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春130022

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2021年第7期261-267,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51775234);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20200801049GH);吉林省教育厅科学研究项目(JJKH20211070KJ)

摘　　要：蒸发器、换热器等冷藏设备表面形成覆冰时,影响设备的正常运行及农副产品的储藏品质。为了减小冰黏附对冷藏设备的影响,该研究通过在材料表面非连续涂覆圆形硅橡胶,改变材料单一的表面特性,提出一种提高部件主动防除冰的方法,并探究圆形涂覆硅橡胶的直径、相邻硅橡胶间的圆心距、涂覆占空比及厚度对冰黏附强度降低率的影响,降低表面冰黏附强度。试验结果表明表面具有不同涂覆参数的试样对冰黏附强度具有不同的降低效果,当涂覆直径为3.50 mm、圆心间距6.50 mm、占空比为8.50%及涂覆厚度为0.250 mm时,铝合金试样表面的平均冰黏附强度降低率为46.83%。对试验结果进行方差分析,建立设计因素与评价指标间的数学回归模型,确定对冰黏附强度影响的显著性主次顺序为:圆形涂覆硅橡胶间的圆心距、占空比、涂覆厚度及直径。分析认为通过改变材料表面特征的连续性,使不同位置内的附着水具有不同的相变时间,利用后结冰区域产生的膨胀应力,干扰冰与材料之间界面的稳定性,降低冰黏附强度,提高冷藏设备部件的主动防除冰特性,为进一步开发新型防除冰技术提供参考。Cold storage facility is widely expected to promote the development of agricultural and sideline products for better food quality in the evolving demand of a market.Meanwhile,a large amount of ice normally accumulates on the surface of cold storage equipment,such as the evaporator and heat exchanger,further deteriorating the operational performance of equipment and storage quality of products.Most anti/de-icing approaches have been developed to remove the accreted ice,including mechanical,heating,or chemical ways.These conventional anti-icing methods have caused high cost and energy consumption,even environmental pollution.Alternatively,a super hydrophobic surface presents the most potential anti-icing,but the durability and mechanical properties have been limited in the engineering field.A discontinuous circular coating of silicone rubber can be utilized to tailor the surface property of materials.However,there is a different phase transition time of attached water at different material surfaces,where the active anti-icing power is from the swelling force further to determine the ice adhesion strength.In this study,a feasible anti-icing model was proposed to change the continuity of substrate surface in a refrigerator.Silicone rubber with low thermal conductivity was coated at different locations on the substrate surface to modify the thermal conductivity of the substrate.The dimensional parameters of circular coated silicone rubber were determined to obtain the reduction rate of ice adhesion strength,such as the diameter,the center distance between the adjacent silicone rubbers,the duty cycle,and the thickness of coated silicone rubber.Meanwhile,an orthogonal rotation combination was used to design the experimental scheme.In addition,a self-developed device was utilized to measure the ice adhesion strength,further to calculate its reduction rate.The experimental results showed that the samples with different coating parameters on the surface had different reduction effects on ice adhesion strength.Furthermore,t

关 键 词：制冷 冻结 相变 防除冰表面 非连续特性 冰黏附强度 模型 

分 类 号：TB131[理学—物理]