滴灌水分亏缺对柑橘前期光合特性的影响  

The effect of water deficit on photosynthesis of citrus under drip irrigation

作　　者：陈飞[1] 李鸿平 崔宁博[1] CHEN Fei;LI Hongping;CUI Ningbo(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of WaterResource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点试验室,水利水电学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2021年第3期42-50,共9页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0400206-03);国家自然科学基金委优秀青年科学基金项目(51922072);国家自然科学基金(51779161,51009101);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2018CDPZH-10,2016CDDY-S04-SCU,2017CDLZ-N22)。

摘　　要：为揭示滴灌水分亏缺及复水对柑橘叶片光合特性的调控效应,以9 a生‘不知火’柑橘为试材,在抽梢开花期(I期)、幼果期(II期)各设置4个亏水处理,即轻度亏水(LD)、中度亏水(MD1)、偏重度亏水(MD2)和重度亏水(SD)处理,灌水定额分别为对照的85%、70%、55%和40%,并设置1个对照处理(CK),分析柑橘叶片光合特性对滴灌水分亏缺及复水的响应规律。结果表明:与CK相比,I期和II期不同水分亏缺处理下的Pn分别下降了4.5%~28.4%和6.2%~42.9%,除轻度亏水(LD)外差异显著(P<0.05);瞬时水分利用效率(WUEi)均高于CK,分别在I-MD1和II-LD取得最大值,与CK相比分别提高14.0%和14.4%,差异显著(P<0.05)。复水后不同处理Pn、Gs、Tr均有明显的提高;与亏水状态时比,I期和II期Pn分别增加了68.2%~85.1%和22.1%~44.0%;轻度亏水(I-LD和II-LD)后复水出现了超补偿效应,Pn、WUEi均高于CK,分别增加了6.4%、16.2%和5.8%、16.1%(P<0.05)。因此,滴灌柑橘I期和II期进行轻度亏水(LD)处理在保证较高Pn和WUEi条件下可节约15%灌溉用水,是柑橘早期适宜的滴灌水分亏缺模式。In order to reveal the regulation effect of drip irrigation on photosynthetic characteristics of citrus leaves,9-year-old‘Shiranui’citrus was used as the test material.A total of 4 water deficit treatments were designed in 2 stages of citrus,flowering stage(I)and young fruit stage(II).Meanwhile,the treatment without water deficit was considered as the control.The 4 water deficit treatments included 85%of irrigation amount(slight water deficit,LD),70%of irrigation amount(moderate water deficit,MD1),55%of irrigation amount(mild water deficit,MD2),and 40%of irrigation amount(severe water deficit,SD)of control.The response of photosynthetic characteristics of citrus leaves to water deficit and re-watering was analyzed.Compared with the control treatment,Pn decreased significantly by 4.5%~28.4%and 6.2%~42.9%in stages I and II,respectively,except with LD(P<0.05).WUEi of different treatments was higher than that of CK,and the maximum values were obtained at I-MD1 and II-LD,respectively,which were 14.0%and 14.4%higher than that of CK(P<0.05).After re-watering,Pn,Gs,and Tr of different treatments were significantly increased.Compared with the state of water deficit,Pn in phases I and II increased by 68.2%~85.1%and 22.1%~44.0%,respectively.Re-watering after slight water deficit had over compensation effect.Pn and WUEi of slight water deficit(I-LD and II-LD)were higher than that of CK,increased by 6.4%and 16.2%(I-LD),and 5.8%and 16.1%(I-LD),respectively.Therefore,slight water deficit(LD)treatment in stages I and II of citrus not only ensured high Pn and WUEi but also saved 15%irrigation water,which is a suitable water deficit model for citrus.

关 键 词：柑橘 水分亏缺 复水 光合特性 滴灌 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程] S666[农业科学—农业工程]