装载机驱动桥轮边支撑轴断裂原因分析及解决方案  

Fracture Cause Analysis and Solution of Wheel Side Support Shaft of Loader Drive Axle

作　　者：秦洪国 伊庆建 伊焕芝 Qin Hongguo;Yi Qingjian;Yi Huanzhi

机构地区：[1]山东路通重工机械有限公司

出　　处：《工程机械》2021年第5期124-128,I0007,共6页Construction Machinery and Equipment

摘　　要：针对某装载机驱动桥施工现场装机试验过程中,轮边支撑轴出现断裂故障,通过对支撑轴断口分析、材质化学成分和硬度及淬硬层检测、金相组织检测与分析,确定了支撑轴内孔面存在铁素体脱碳层是导致支撑轴断裂的主要原因。脱碳层是在支撑轴粗加工后整体调质过程中出现的,整体调质后支撑轴内孔未再加工。支撑轴原材料金相组织的非金属夹杂物超标,也是导致断裂的原因之一。支撑轴锻造工序加大内孔加工余量,在整体调质处理后,增加内孔的二次加工,确保内孔二次加工完全切削掉铁素体脱碳层,以及增加支撑轴原材料对晶粒度及非金属夹杂物的进厂检验要求,作为支撑轴断裂故障的解决方案。改进后的轮边支撑轴经过近1年的施工现场装机试验考核,轮边支撑轴未再发生断裂问题,保证装载机的整机可靠性。In view of fracture failure of wheel side support shaft during installation test of a loader drive axle construction site,through fracture analysis of support shaft,detection of chemical composition and hardness of material and hardened layer,and detection and analysis of metallographic structure,it is determined that existence of ferrite decarburized layer on inner hole surface of support shaft is the main reason for fracture of support shaft.The decarburized layer appears in the whole quenching and tempering process of support shaft after rough machining,and the inner hole of support shaft is not machined after whole quenching and tempering.The non-metallic inclusions in the metallographic structure of raw material of support shaft exceed the standard,which is also one of the reasons for fracture.In the forging process of support shaft,the machining allowance of inner hole should be increased,after whole quenching and tempering treatment,the secondary machining of inner hole should be increased to ensure that the secondary machining of inner hole can completely remove ferrite decarburized layer,and factory inspection requirements on grain size and non-metallic inclusions of raw material of support shaft should be increased,which are the solutions to fracture failure of support shaft.After nearly one year’s field test,the improved wheel side support shaft has no more fracture problem,which ensures overall reliability of loader.

关 键 词：驱动桥 轮边支撑轴 断裂 脱碳层 

分 类 号：TU623.9[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]