一种适用于飞机壁板自动化制孔的法向修正技术  

A Normal Correction Technology Suitable for Automatic Drilling of Aircraft Panels

作　　者：罗群 李欢庆 张一帆 薛宏 刘鹏 LUO Qun;LI Huanqing;ZHANG Yifan;XUE Hong;LIU Peng(AVIC Xi’an Aircraft Industry Group Company Ltd.,Xi’an 710089,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]中航工业西安飞机工业集团股份有限公司,西安710089 [2]浙江大学机械工程学院,杭州310027

出　　处：《南京航空航天大学学报》2021年第3期373-380,共8页Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51975520)资助项目;国家重点研发计划专项(2019YFB1707501)资助项目。

摘　　要：在飞机装配中制孔的位置和法向精度将直接影响飞机最终的装配质量。自动化制孔以飞机数模为基准,但在实际装配过程中,由于受多源耦合装配误差影响,壁板等大型柔性结构件的实际外形不可避免地会与理论数模出现偏差,因此需要对制孔位置和法向进行修正。为了减少制孔法向偏差和提高制孔效率,本文结合大型飞机机翼壁板的结构特点,提出一种基于基准孔插值的法向偏差修正技术。通过激光位移传感器的测量值计算得到各基准孔的实际法矢方向,结合视觉测量系统得到基准孔孔位偏差,利用插值算法实现其余孔位的法向修正。试验结果表明,该修正技术可实现法向误差不超过0.3°,制孔效率相比逐孔修正可提升约25%。The position and normal accuracy of the automatic drilling in aircraft assembly will directly affect the quality of the final product.The process of automatic drilling is designed based on the aircraft’s digital model.However,in the assembly shop-floor,under the influence of superimposed multi-source assembly deviation,the physical shapes of large flexible structural parts like wing panels will inevitably deviate from the theoretical model.Therefore,the position and normal directions of connecting holes need to be corrected.In order to reduce the normal deviation and improve the drilling efficiency,we propose a normal correction technology based on interpolation of reference holes considering the structural characteristics of panel skins of large aircraft.The actual normal direction of each reference hole is calculated by the measurement values of laser displacement sensors,and the position deviations of the reference holes are obtained in conjunction with the visual measurement system.Based on the information of reference holes,the normal correction of the remaining holes is realized by using an interpolation algorithm.The test results show that the proposed correction technology can achieve normal accuracy within 0.3°,and the drilling efficiency can be improved by about 25%compared with the traditional correction technology.

关 键 词：飞机装配 飞机壁板 自动制孔 曲面插值 法向修正 

分 类 号：V262.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]