基于SDO/HMI全日面实时磁图的活动区自动识别  

Automatic Recognition of Solar Active Regions Based on Real-time SDO/HMI Full Disk Magnetograms

作　　者：崔延美 刘四清[1,2,3] 师立勤 CUI Yanmei;LIU Siqing;SHI Liqin(National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Environmental Space Situation Awareness,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家空间科学中心,北京100190 [2]中国科学院空间环境态势感知技术重点实验室,北京100190 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《空间科学学报》2021年第3期402-410,共9页Chinese Journal of Space Science

基　　金：北京市科技重大专项(Z181100002918004);国防科技创新特区项目共同资助。

摘　　要：太阳活动区是太阳活动的主要发生源区,活动区的形态、结构、特征是预报太阳爆发的主要依据.因此,活动区的识别是实现太阳爆发预报的前提.SDO/HMI能够提供连续、高时空精度的全日面光球观测图像.参照文献[1] SOHO/MDI综合磁图中活动区的自动识别方法,利用实时可得的HMI全日面磁图,通过阈值法、数学形态法和区域增长法相结合的方式,开展了活动区的快速自动识别研究.将2010-2018年的自动识别结果与NOAA/SWPC每日发布的活动区结果进行比较发现:通过磁图自动识别的活动区数目与SWPC活动区数目整体变化趋势基本一致,两者的相关系数为0.87;从活动区整体标识的数目上来看,通过磁图自动识别的活动区数目少于SWPC发布的结果.未被自动标识的活动区主要为面积小、磁场弱且磁类型简单的活动区,引发太阳爆发的可能性极小,因此不会对太阳爆发的实际预报产生影响.本文的研究方法和结果能够为太阳活动预报提供实时的活动区数据,加速太阳爆发预报模型的实际应用.Solar Active Regions(ARs)are sources of solar powerful eruptions.The characteristics of ARs are important factors for forecasting solar flares.The Space-weather HMI Active Region Patch(SHARP)is one of the key observations to derive physical properties and to develop solar eruption prediction models.Based on the real-time HMI full disk image,by referring to the computational method developed by Ref.[1]which involves intensity thresholding,morphological analysis and region growing.By comparing our results against those results from Solar Region Summary compiled by NOAA/SWPC during the time interval 2010-2018,it is found that the daily numbers of ARs recognized are in good agreement with the SWPC AR numbers,and their corresponding correlation coefficient is 0.87.On the whole,the total number of ARs recognized is less than the corresponding SWPC AR number.Most of the undetected regions are of small areas,weak magnetic fields and simple magnetic type,which can hardly produce any powerful eruptions.Hence,this study can provide real time data of ARs for forecasting of solar eruptions.

关 键 词：太阳爆发 活动区 自动识别 实时 

分 类 号：P353[天文地球—空间物理学]