狗尾草(Setarria viridis)和大果虫实(Corispermummacrocarpum)植株大小、花期对生殖产出的影响  

The relationship between plant size,flowering phenology and reproductive output in Corispermum macrocarpum and Setaria viridis

作　　者：程莉 刘新平 何玉惠 王立龙 车力木格 王明明 孙姗姗 胡鸿姣 Cheng Li;Liu Xinping;He Yuhui;Wang Lilong;Bao Chelmeg;Wang Mingming;Sun Shanshan;Hu Hongjiao(Naiman Desertification Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院奈曼沙漠化研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院皋兰生态与农业综合研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2021年第3期195-202,共8页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41801076,41371053);国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0506706,2016YFC0500907)。

摘　　要：生殖是生物繁衍后代、延续种族最基本的行为和过程,不仅是种群形成、发展和进化的核心问题,也是生物群落和生态系统演替的基础。为探究半干旱沙质草地一年生优势草本植物狗尾草(Setarria viridis)和大果虫实(Corispermum macrocarpum)植株大小、花期物候对生殖产出的影响,于2019年生长季在科尔沁沙地野外原位标记了一定数量的大果虫实和狗尾草,测量植株大小、花期物候、开花数、结穗数,探究生长、开花及繁殖之间的关系。结果表明:(1)大果虫实的开花同步性指数为0.902,狗尾草的开花同步性指数为0.733,呈现出"集中、大量"的开花模式。(2)始花日期晚、花期持续时间短、开花同步性高的大果虫实有更多的开花数和结穗数,狗尾草与大果虫实恰好相反。(3)大果虫实植株大小对开花数、结穗数存在正向直接效应,路径系数分别为0.33、0.36;狗尾草植株大小对开花数存在正向直接影响,路径系数为0.21;还可通过花期持续时间间接影响开花数、结穗数,路径系数均为0.05。植株大小通过花期物候对开花数、结穗数产生的间接效应极小,而植株大小、花期物候可直接影响生殖产出。个体较大的植株开花数更多,有利于生殖成功。大果虫实和狗尾草采取的花期物候策略不同,大果虫实采取提高开花同步性的策略;狗尾草采取早开花、延长花期的策略,不同的花期物侯策略均是为了提高传粉者访问频次,增加生殖成功机率。Reproduction is the most basic behaviors and processes of reproducing offspring and continuing races.It is not only the core of population formation,development and evolution,but also the basis for the succession of biological communities and ecosystems.In order to exploring the relationship between plant size,flowering phenology and reproductive success of Corispermum macrocarpum and Setaria viridis,58 C.macrocarpum.and 130 S.viridis.were marked at the growing season of 2019.The plant size,flowering phenology,flowers and ears were measured to analyse the relationship between growth,flowering and reproduction.The results showed that:(1)The flowering synchronization index of C.macrocarpum was 0.902;S.viridis.was 0.733,flowering process showed"mass flowering"pattern.(2)C.macrocarpum with later onset,shorter duration and higher flowering synchronization has more flowers and ears,S.viridis with earlier onset,longer duration and lower flowering synchronization has more flowers and ears.(3)The plant size of C.macrocarpum has a positive direct effect on flowers and ears,with path coefficient was 0.33 and 0.36,respectively.The plant size of S.viridis has a positive direct effect on flowers,with path coefficient was 0.21;it also has an indirect effect on flowers and ears by affecting duration,the path coefficients were both 0.05.In summary,the indirect effect of plant size on flowers and ears through flowering phenology was minimal,while plant size and flowering phenology can directly affect reproductive output.Larger plants in the population have more flowers,which is conductive to reproductive output.C.macrocarpum and S.viridis adopt different flowering strategies:C.macrocarpum adopts the strategy of improving the synchronization;S.viridis adopts the strategy of advancing onset and prolonging the duration to increase the frequency of pollinators and increase the probability of successful reproduction.

关 键 词：植株大小 花期物候 生殖产出 一年生草本 

分 类 号：Q948.11[生物学—植物学]