电弧堆焊轻质多主元合金熔覆层的组织和力学性能  

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Light Multi-element Alloy Cladding Layer for Arc Surfacing Welding

作　　者：黄绍服[1,2] 郭煜 HUANG Shaofu;GUO Yu(College of Mechanical Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-Manufacturing Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学机械工程学院,淮南232001 [2]南京航空航天大学江苏省精密与微细制造技术重点实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《中国表面工程》2021年第1期121-128,共8页China Surface Engineering

基　　金：江苏省精密与微细制造技术重点实验室开放基金资助项目。

摘　　要：轻质多主元合金是一种新型的轻质合金,拥有独特的晶体结构以及力学性能,在航空航天领域具有极大的发展潜力。本文采用电弧堆焊的方法在TC4钛合金表面制备Al-Ti-Cu轻质多主元合金熔覆层,堆焊材料为Al-Ti-Cu绞股焊丝,制备出的熔覆层与基体呈现出良好的冶金结合,进一步拓宽了轻质多主元合金的应用。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)对熔覆层的组织和力学性能进行了研究。借助密度测试仪、维氏硬度仪、摩擦磨损测试仪、万能力学性能测试机对熔覆层的密度、硬度、耐磨性和强度进行研究。结果表明,熔覆层主要存在BCC结构的AlCu_(2)Ti相和少量的CuO相和Fe_(2)Ti_(3)O_(9)相。熔覆层枝晶形态整体呈现为花瓣状。在室温下,熔覆层的平均硬度为340.8 HV,熔覆层干摩擦磨损失效形式为粘着磨损和氧化磨损;熔覆层耐磨性强于45钢、磨损体积是45钢的85%。熔覆层密度为4.88 g/cm^(3),压缩率为26%,压缩强度为1187 MPa,比强度约为2.661×10^(5)(N·m^(-2))/(kg·m^(-3))。接近Ti合金的比强度,属于比强度较高的轻质合金。Lightweight multi-component alloy is a new type of lightweight alloy with unique crystal structure and mechanical properties,which has great development potential in the field of aerospace.In this paper,Al-Ti-Cu light multi-principal component alloy cladding layer is prepared on the surface of TC4 titanium alloy by arc surfacing welding method.The surfacing material is Al-Ti-Cu stranded welding wire,and the prepared cladding layer and the matrix show a good metallurgical combination,further expanding the application of light multi-principal component alloy.The microstructure and mechanical properties of the cladding layer were studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy spectrometer(EDS).The density,hardness,wear resistance and strength of the cladding layer were studied by means of a density tester,a Vickers hardness tester,a tribometer and a universal mechanical property tester.The results show that there are mainly AlCu_(2)Ti phase and a small amount of CuO phase and Fe_(2)Ti_(3)O_(9)phase in the cladding layer of BCC structure.The dendrite morphology of the cladding layer appears as petal shape.At room temperature,the average hardness of cladding layer is 340.8HV,and the failure modes of dry friction wear of cladding layer are adhesive wear and oxidation wear.The wear resistance is stronger than 45 steel,and the wear volume is 85%of 45 steel.The cladding density was 4.88 g/cm^(3),the compression rate was 26%,the compression strength was 1187 MPa,and the specific strength was about 2.661×10_(5)(N/m_(2))/(kg/m_(3)).The specific strength of Ti alloy is close to that of Ti alloy,which belongs to light alloy with higher specific strength.

关 键 词：轻质多主元合金 绞股焊丝 AlTiCu 微观组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理] TB114[金属学及工艺—金属学]