膨润土对垃圾渗滤液絮凝预处理的强化效果  

Application of inorganic mineral bentonite to improve flocculation pretreatment of landfill leachate

作　　者：杨昕达 郝林林 常达 曾明 王昶 YANG Xinda;HAO Linlin;CHANG Da;ZENG Ming;WANG Chang(Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津300457

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2021年第5期1549-1557,共9页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：宁夏自治区科技厅资助项目(2019BBE02024)。

摘　　要：依据反胶体絮凝相似相容原理,使用无机矿物材料膨润土(PRT),针对垃圾焚烧厂的垃圾渗滤液,采用絮凝强化工艺进行预处理,考察了PRT、聚合氯化铝(PAC)以及阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(C-PAM)对垃圾渗滤液的絮凝效果,研究了PRT与PAC之间的协同效应。结果表明:传统PAC和C-PAM对垃圾渗滤液具有一定的絮凝效果,在250 mL稀释5倍的渗滤液中分别投加3%PAC和0.1%C-PAM各8 mL和5 mL时,COD、浊度、SS、氨氮和总磷去除率分别为23.1%、93.4%、91.1%、1.2%和96.7%。PRT自身的胶体和颗粒物质量力作用,能够打破垃圾渗滤液的离子平衡,进而与PAC形成协同效应;且在C-PAM的作用下,PRT对垃圾渗滤液显现出较高的絮凝效果和沉降速度,在250 mL稀释5倍的渗滤液中分别投加PRT、PAC和C-PAM各为2 g、8 mL和5 mL时,上清液中的COD、浊度、SS、氨氮和总磷的去除率分别达到72.3%、97.6%、93.8%、18.4%以及97.5%。PRT的投加有效地促进了絮凝效果,与传统的方法相比,COD由16483 mg·L^(-1)降低到5941 mg·L^(-1),上清液的浊度达到10.4 NTU;絮体由上浮形式转变为快速沉降,更加有利于后续的分离和生化处理。PAC投加对氨氮去除率影响不大,C-PAM对氨氮的去除效果影响较大,这说明垃圾渗滤液中氨氮主要是有机胺。PRT、PAC以及C-PAM的一级强化絮凝组合更高效,解决了只用PAC和C-PAM絮凝后出现絮体松散、上浮等难以分离的技术问题,可为后续新的生化处理模式的建立提供参考。According to the principle of reverse-colloid flocculation and the principle that the similar substance is more likely to be dissolved by each other,a type of inorganic mineral material bentonite(PRT)was used to conduct the enhanced primary treatment of landfill leachate in the incineration plant.The flocculation effects of the landfill leachate with PRT,PAC and C-PAM were investigated,and the synergistic effect of PRT and PAC was also investigated.The results showed that PAC and C-PAM had a certain flocculating effect of landfill leachate.When 8 mL PAC(3%)and 5 mL C-PAM(0.1%)were dosed into 250 mL 5-time diluted landfill leachate,the removal efficiencies of COD,turbidity,SS,NH3-N and TP were 23.1%,93.4%,91.1%,1.2%and96.7%,respectively.The unique charge characteristic and gravity of the PRT broke the ions balance of the landfill leachate and could produce a synergistic effect with PAC.With an addition of C-PAM in landfill leachate,good flocculation performance and high settling speed occurred.When the 2 g PRT,8 mL PAC and 5 mL C-PAM were dosed into 250 mL 5-time diluted landfill leachate,the removal efficiencies of COD,turbidity,SS,NH3-N and TP in the supernatant reached 72.3%,97.6%,93.8%,18.4%and 97.5%,respectively.The addition of PRT effectively promoted the flocculation performance.Compared with the traditional method,COD decreased from 16483 mg·L^(-1)to 5941 mg·L^(-1),and the turbidity of supernatant reached 10.4 NTU,the floating flocs could rapidly settle,which was more conducive to the subsequent separation and biochemical treatment.PAC addition had slight effect on the removal efficiency of NH3-N,while C-PAM had great effect on the removal of NH3-N,which qualitatively proved that the organic amine was the dominant species of ammonia nitrogen in the landfill leachate.The combination of PRT,PAC,and C-PAM was more efficient,and it also solved the technical problems that the loose and floating flocs were difficult to be separated after only PAC and C-PAM addition.Our study provided a scientific reference for

关 键 词：垃圾渗滤液 膨润土 一级强化 电中和 絮凝沉降 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]