基于生物浸提技术的钴白合金中铜和钴的浸出效果及浸出机理  

Bioleaching process and mechanism of Cu and Co in cobalt white alloy

作　　者：赵伟旭 田炳阳 郭献军[1] 李志华 苗雅慧 张世豪 王佳 辛宝平 ZHAO Weixu;TIAN Bingyang;GUO Xianjun;LI Zhihua;MIAO Yahui;ZHANG Shihao;WANG Jia;XIN Baoping(School of Environmental and Material Engineering,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China;School of Materials,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学环境与材料工程学院,烟台264005 [2]北京理工大学材料学院,北京100081

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2021年第5期1679-1687,共9页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：钴白合金是铜钴矿深加工过程中的副产物,其中的钴、铜等金属资源具有较高的回收价值。利用3种混合菌体系(At、Af、Lf)浸提钴白合金中的铜和钴,考察了在不同固液比下非接触和接触浸提铜和钴的浸出率并对其浸出机理进行了探究。在非接触浸出1%固液比下,钴的浸出率为100%,浸出浓度为1356.14 mg·L^(-1),铜的浸出率为77.42%,浸出浓度为837.19 mg·L^(-1);在该固液比下循环浸出10次,浸出液中铜和钴的质量浓度分别富集到了7358.67和12877.25 mg·L^(-1)。在接触浸出4%固液比下,浸出5 d,钴100%浸出,铜基本留存在残渣中。通过对比生物淋滤中的接触浸出和非接触浸出实验的浸出渣中铜和钴的赋存形态可知,钴白合金中钴的浸出机理为生物酸的直接作用,铜的浸出机理为生物酸和Fe3+的共同作用。而在有细菌参与的浸出体系内,存在着铜的浸出消耗导致Fe3+转化成Fe2+和细菌又将Fe2+转化成Fe3+的循环。利用生物浸出循环富集工艺,可高效回收钴白合金中的铜和钴。The three mixed bacterial systems of At,Af and Lf were used to extract copper and cobalt from cobalt white alloy in a non-ferrous metal plant in Henan to investigate the leaching rate and leaching mechanism of copper and cobalt under different contact conditions of non-contact leaching and contact leaching with different solid-liquid ratios.The results showed that under the non-contact leaching with 1%solid-liquid ratio,100%Co was leached and 77.42%Cu was leached,and their leaching mass concentration were 1356.14 and837.19 mg·L^(-1),respectively.After 10 cycles of leaching,the concentrations of copper and cobalt in the final leaching solution were 7358.67 mg·L^(-1)and 12877.25 mg·L^(-1).After 5 days of contact leaching with 4%solidliquid ratio,100%cobalt was leached,while copper basically remained in the residue,which can provide a reference for the stepwise leaching of cobalt white alloy.Comparing the occurrence of copper and cobalt in the leaching residue of the contact leaching and non-contact leaching experiments in biological leaching,it is determined that the leaching of cobalt in cobalt white alloy is the direct effect of biological acid,and the leaching mechanism of copper is the common combination of biological acid and Fe3+effect.In the leaching system with the participation of bacteria,there is a cycle in which copper leaching consumes Fe3+and converts Fe3+into Fe2+and bacteria convert Fe2+into F3+.The use of biological leaching cycle enrichment technology provides a reference for the efficient recovery of copper and cobalt in cobalt white alloy.

关 键 词：生物淋滤 钴白合金 循环富集 毒性浸出 分步浸提 

分 类 号：X781.18[环境科学与工程—环境工程]