基因组编辑技术在大豆遗传改良中的应用  

Application of Genome Editing Technique in Genetic Improvement of Soybean(Glycine max)

作　　者：陈笑 冯献忠[1] CHEN Xiao;FENG Xian-Zhong(CAS Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所大豆分子设计育种重点实验室,长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2021年第4期789-798,共10页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31571692)。

摘　　要：大豆(Glycine max)为人类和动物提供丰富的蛋白质和油脂来源,是世界上重要的粮油作物。转基因技术在大豆上的成功商业利用成为生物技术推动农作物生产发展的经典范例;近年来基因组编辑等新一代生物技术的快速发展为进一步改良大豆的农艺性状提供了机遇。当前以CRISPR/Cas技术为代表的基因组编辑技术已经开始应用于大豆的遗传改良,并在改善大豆品质、调控大豆生育期以及提高大豆抗逆性等方面显示出强劲的应用前景。本文从基因组编辑技术的发展、基因组编辑技术在大豆农艺性状改良中的应用和当前面临的主要问题等方面综述本领域的最新研究进展,为开展以基因组编辑技术为工具加速大豆遗传改良方面的工作提供借鉴。Soybean(Glycine max)is an important grain and oil crop in the world,which provides abundant protein and oil sources for human and animals.The successful commercial utilization of transgenic technology in soybean has become a classic case of biotechnology in promoting crop production.In recent years,the rapid development of new generation biotechnology,such as genome editing,has provided new opportunities for further improvement of soybean agronomic traits.Recently,genome editing technology represented by CRISPR/Cas technology begins to be widely used in genetic improvement of soybean,which shows powerful potentials on improving quality,regulating growth period and stress resistance.This review summarizes the latest research progress in this field from the development of genome editing technology,the application of genome editing technology in soybean genetic improvement and the main problems in current application of genome editing technology in soybean,which provides a reference for the work of using genome editing technology as a tool to accelerate soybean genetic improvement.

关 键 词：大豆 基因组编辑 农艺性状 遗传改良 

分 类 号：S336[农业科学—作物遗传育种]