生防菌和免疫诱抗剂防治猕猴桃溃疡病生测方法的构建与应用  

Construction and Application of Bioassay Method for the Biocontrol Agents and Plant Immune Inducers of Controlling Kiwifruit Canker

作　　者：姚令 吴石平[2] 黄露[2] 安星宇 蒋选利 YAO Ling;WU Shiping;HUANG Lu;AN Xingyu;JIANG Xuanli(Department of plant protection,College of agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of plant protection,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院植保系,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省农业科学院植物保护研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《现代农药》2021年第3期43-48,共6页MODERN AGROCHEMICALS

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑项目[黔科合支撑(2017)2566-2];贵州省科技计划项目[黔科合基础(2019)1308]。

摘　　要：为探索猕猴桃溃疡病活体室内生物测定方法,筛选防治猕猴桃溃疡病的生防菌和免疫诱抗剂。笔者采用数理统计的方法,对生物测定方法进行研究,构建包括病原菌、寄主和药剂的猕猴桃溃疡病生物测定技术;利用该技术对6种生防菌、7种免疫诱抗剂和4种免疫诱抗物进行生物测定,并用田间试验法进行验证。试验结果表明,猕猴桃枝条接种后22 d时变异系数最小,病斑较大,接种后19~22 d可作为调查时间;接种5~20μL菌液,病斑长度无显著差异;试验重复数达10次以上时,标准误逐渐趋于平稳;17种试验药剂中,有7种药剂在接种前7 d施药的抑制率显著高于在接种前2 d施药,9种药剂接种前7 d和2 d施药的抑制率无显著差异;0.2%补骨脂种子提取物微乳剂、0.1%S-诱抗素水剂在接种前7 d施药对猕猴桃溃疡病抑制率最高,分别为77.03%和75.35%,田间防效分别为64.51%和66.10%。猕猴桃溃疡病活体室内生物测定的方法可应用于猕猴桃溃疡病生防菌、免疫诱抗剂的筛选;0.2%补骨脂种子提取物微乳剂、0.1%S-诱抗素水剂可结合其他防治措施用于防控猕猴桃溃疡病。In order to explore the bioassay method of kiwifruit canker in vivo,screening of biocontrol agents and plant immune inducers for the prevention and treatment of kiwifruit canker was performed.The bioassay method of kiwifruit canker was studied by mathematical statistics,and the bioassay technology of kiwifruit canker including pathogen,host and medicament was constructed.The bioassay of 6 types of biocontrol bacteria,7 types of immune inducers,and 4 types of immune elicitor was carried out by using this technology,and the field experiment method was used for verification.The results showed that 22 d after inoculation,the coefficient variation was the smallest.The lesion was larger,19-22 d after inoculation could be used as the investigation time.The lesion length had no significant difference in 5-20μL of inoculation volume.When the number of repeats were more than 10 times,the standard error tended to be stable.Among the 17 tested pesticides,the inhibition ratio of 7 pesticides applied 7 d before inoculation were significantly higher than those of applied 2 d before inoculation,and the inhibition ratio of 9 pesticides applied 7 d and 2 d before inoculation had no significant difference.The inhibition ratio of 0.2% Psoralea corylifolica L.seed extract microemulsion and 0.1% S-elicitor on kiwifruit canker were 77.03% and 75.35% ,respectively,and the field control effects were 64.51% and 66.10% ,respectively.In vivo bioassay of kiwifruit canker can be used to screen biocontrol bacteria and immune inducers against kiwifruit canker.This method can be used as a reference for the selection of fungicides for controlling branch diseases of other large host plants,but the test parameters should be determined according to different diseases and hosts.0.2% Psoralea corylifolia L.seed extract microemulsion and 0.1% S-inducer can be combined with other control measures to control kiwifruit canker.

关 键 词：生物测定 猕猴桃溃疡病 生防菌 免疫诱抗剂 抑制率 

分 类 号：S436.634.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]