国外典型国家金融服务养老实践及其启示  

The Financial Service Practice for the Elderly in Typical Foreign Countries and Its Enlightenment

作　　者：江世银[1] JIANG Shiyin(School of Finance,Nanjing Audit University,Nanjing 211815,China)

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学金融学院,南京211815

出　　处：《四川轻化工大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第3期16-31,共16页Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目(17ZDA072)。

摘　　要：由于各国的经济发展水平、养老传统和观念、制度规定等存在差异,所以,不同国家存在不同的养老问题,养老的差异性很大,由此形成不同的养老模式。当前,传统养老模式正在向现代金融服务养老模式转变,成为满足老年人多样化养老需求的重要方式。所谓金融服务养老,就是养老者利用自己的养老资金或养老资产或家庭资产,通过金融市场投资、运营来获得的养老服务。国外的金融服务养老是随着人口老龄化问题的突出以及经济、金融的快速发展而产生和发展的。目前,国外典型国家的金融服务养老的服务内容越来越多,专业越来越个性化,市场规模越来越大,政策支持越来越完善,监管非常严格等,金融服务养老正为老年人的养老发挥越来越大的作用。根据人口老龄化、经济富有程度和准备情况,有的国家金融服务养老已经发展得较为成型,如美国、日本、英国、德国和新加坡等典型国家;有的国家有了初步的发展并在不断完善之中,如巴西、墨西哥、智利等国家;而有的国家金融服务养老正在兴起,如中国等人口老龄化问题突出的国家。国外典型国家的养老保险服务体系完善,金融服务养老十分健全。这些国家的老龄化人口突出,金融服务养老较普遍,不仅成效显著且很有特色。它们的共同特征是人口老龄化程度高,经济非常发达,养老准备较为充分,其养老经验对于中国如何进行养老特别是如何进行金融服务养老具有启示作用和参考价值。通过对国外典型国家金融服务养老模式的考察,总结了国外金融服务养老经验,发现了金融服务养老的一般规律,特别是发现了国外金融服务养老可为中国所吸取的经验、教训,可为中国金融服务养老提供参考借鉴,即充分发挥金融服务养老的作用,高度重视金融服务养老管理,不断进行金融服务养老产品的创新,制定和实施�Since countries have their own economic development levels,as for the elderly care traditions,concepts,and institutional regulations,different countries have different elderly care issues,and there are great differences in elderly care,which results in different elderly care models.At present,the traditional elderly care model is changing to a model of modern financial service for the elderly care,and it has become an important way to meet the diverse needs of the elderly.The so-called financial service pension refers to the pension service that the pensioners use their own pension funds or pension assets or family assets to obtain incoming through investment or operation in financial markets.Financial services for the elderly in foreign countries have emerged and developed with the emergence of population aging problems and the rapid development of economy and finance.At present,financial services in typical foreign countries provide more and more services for the elderly.Their professions are more and more individualized,the market size is getting bigger and bigger,the policy support is getting better and better,and the supervision is very strict.Financial services for the elderly are playing an increasingly important role in providing for the elderly.According to population aging,economic wealth and preparedness,financial services in some countries have become more mature,such as the United States,Japan,the United Kingdom,Germany,and Singapore.Some countries have achieved initial development and continue to develop.In the process of improvement,such as Brazil,Mexico,Chile and other countries.Financial services for the elderly are emerging in some countries,such as China and other countries with prominent population aging problems.The elderly insurance service system in typical foreign countries is complete,and the elderly financial services are very sound.The aging population in these countries is prominent,and financial services for the elderly are more common,which is not only effective but also very distinc

关 键 词：老龄化 金融服务养老 养老保险 养老金融 养老服务 个人退休账户 

分 类 号：F832.3[经济管理—金融学] D669.6[政治法律—政治学]