“社会国家”理念与西方世界的社会主义因素  

The Concept of"Social State"and the Socialist Factors in the Western World

作　　者：李济时[1] Li Jishi

机构地区：[1]山东大学当代社会主义研究所

出　　处：《学术前沿》2021年第8期48-59,共12页Frontiers

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“欧美民粹主义的发生机理和发展趋势研究”的阶段性成果,项目编号:17BZZ075。

摘　　要：西方的“社会国家”理念与社会公正诉求与社会主义理想具有相近性。这一理念和相关规定被写入许多西方国家宪法之中,为社会主义因素的生成与发展提供了有利条件。在对资本主义进行深刻反思的基础上进行了大规模社会改良,由此普遍形成了以保障人的尊严和实现社会公平为目的的福利国家,是20世纪西方世界的重要特点。国有化和计划化及以社会公正平等为导向进行的广泛的福利国家实践,尽管还远非社会主义的制度发展,但其中蕴含着丰富的社会主义因素。这充分显示了社会主义的吸引力和公正平等观念的生命力。但是,由于资本主义框架的固有限制,西方世界的社会主义因素不可能得到一帆风顺的发展,而会出现一波三折的局面。The Western idea of"social state"and the demand for social justice are similar to the socialist ideal.This idea and relevant provisions have been written into the constitutions of many Western countries,providing favorable conditions for the creation and development of socialist factors.On the basis of a profound reflection on capitalism,a large-scale social reform was carried out across the Western world,which has helped to form welfare states aimed at protecting human dignity and realizing social equity and has become an important feature of the Western world in the 20th century.Nationalization,planning and extensive welfare state practices geared toward social justice and equality,though still far from being comparable to socialist institutions,contain rich socialist factors.This fully shows the attractiveness of socialism and the vitality of the concept of justice and equality.However,due to the inherent limitations of the capitalist framework,the socialist factors in the Western world will not develop smoothly and will encounter twists and turns.

关 键 词：西方世界 社会主义因素 社会国家 资本主义 社会民主主义 

分 类 号：D033[政治法律—政治学]