近视发生敏感期小学生户外活动时间及与近视关系  

Association of outdoor activity time with myopia among schoolchildren at vulnerable age of myopia onset

作　　者：赵晶 赵建国 李长富 马萃 方新林 李琪 吴夕[3] 王凯[3] ZHAO Jing;ZHAO Jian-guo;LI Chang-fu(Office for Adolescent Health Education and Policy Research,Haidian District Center for Education and Health Care,Beijing 100080 China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区教育卫生保健中心青少年体质健康教育及政策研究办公室,北京100080 [2]北京市海淀区教育委员会 [3]北京大学人民医院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2021年第5期784-787,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：北京市教育科学“十二五”规划重点课题(ABA14013)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市近视发生敏感期(10~11岁)小学生户外活动时间现状,探讨其与近视的相关性。方法采用整群抽样方法,于2018年11—12月在北京市海淀区城区随机抽取11所小学2031名10~11岁小学生,对其进行问卷调查及近视检查。结果北京市海淀区10~11岁小学生平均户外活动时间为(2.24±0.67)h/d。其中户外休闲时间为(1.12±0.46)h/d,户外运动时间为(1.12±0.40)h/d。该群小学生近视检出率为62.3%。近视组(1266人)与正视组(765人)小学生平均每天户外活动时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。分层分析结果显示,近视组小学生户外休闲时间[(1.11±0.44)h/d]低于正视组小学生[(1.15±0.49)h/d],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中,休息日和学习日近视组小学生户外休闲时间分别为(1.21±0.87)、(1.06±0.45)h/d,均低于正视组的(1.33±1.01)、(1.09±0.49)h/d,但2组在休息日的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在学习日差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论北京市海淀区10~11岁小学生每天户外活动时间不足,近视检出率高。近视组小学生户外休闲时间低于正视组学生,2组小学生户外休闲时间的差异主要源于休息日。Objective To examine the time spent on outdoor activities and its association with myopia among urban Beijing schoolchildren at vulnerable age of myopia onset.Methods Using cluster sampling,we conducted a questionnaire survey and visual examination among 2196 schoolchildren aged 10–11 years in 11 primary schools in an urban district of Beijing during November–December 2018.Results For the 2031 valid participants,the average outdoor activity time was2.24±0.67 hours per day(h/d)and the outdoor time for leisure and physical activities were 1.12±0.46 h/d and 1.12±0.40 h/d,respectively.The detection rate of myopia among the participants was 62.3%.The overall outdoor activity time was not significantly different between the 1266 myopic participants and the 765 participants with normal vision(P>0.05).The subgroup analysis demonstrated that the myopic participants had significantly less outdoor leisure time than the normal vision participants did(1.11±0.44 h/d vs.1.15±0.49 h/d,P<0.05);while,the disparity was significantly different only for the outdoor leisure time on weekends(1.21±0.87 h/d vs.1.33±1.01 h/d,P<0.05)but not for that on weekdays(1.06±0.45 h/d vs.1.09±0.49 h/d,P>0.05).Conclusion Among the schoolchildren aged 10–11 years in urban Beijing,the outdoor activity time is insufficient and the detection rate of myopia is high;the schoolchildren with myopia spend less outdoor leisure time on weekends than those with normal vision.

关 键 词：近视 户外活动 相关性 10~11岁 小学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R778[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]