COVID-19疫苗免疫应答及保护效力研究进展  

Progess in research on immune responses and protective efficacy elicited by COVID-19 vaccine

作　　者：杨朝国[1] 刘继芬[1] 蒋宏[1] YANG Chao-guo;LIU Ji-fen;JIANG Hong(College of Medical Technology,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu,Sichuan Province 611137,China)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学医学技术学院,四川成都611137

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2021年第5期896-901,共6页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：成都中医药大学杏林学者学科人才科研提升计划(JSZX2020002)。

摘　　要：由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2(SARS-CoV-2)感染引起的2019冠状病毒疾病(COVID-19)为全球性流行病和公共卫生威胁。人们付出了巨大的努力去认识和治疗COVID-19,更可取的是防止感染及临床疾病形成。COVID-19疫苗包括灭活疫苗、腺病毒载体疫苗、mRNA疫苗和亚单位疫苗接种都可诱导绝大多数受试成人产生强体液免疫应答和细胞免疫应答,形成高滴度S蛋白特异性抗体、中和抗体及强Th1细胞因子应答,疫苗对成人COVID-19的保护效力>70%。多个因素会影响疫苗保护效力。The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCoV-2)is a global pandemic and presents a global public health threat.Although there are huge efforts to understand and treat COVID-19,it would be preferable to prevent the infection and development of clinical disease.Current COVID-19 vaccines include inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine,adenovirus-vectored vaccine,mRNA vaccine,and protein subunit vaccine;the vaccines may elicit robust humoral immune responses and cellular immune responses among a great majority of adults in trials by inducing high spike-specific antibodies and neutralizing antibodies,and strong Th1 cytokine responses.The protective efficacies of the vaccines for COVID-19 are more than 70%in the adults.There are many different factors impacting on protective efficacy of the vaccines.

关 键 词：2019冠状病毒疾病 疫苗 体液免疫应答 细胞免疫应答 效力 

分 类 号：R186.3[医药卫生—流行病学]