PARP抑制剂在妇科恶性肿瘤治疗中的研究进展  

Research Progress of PARP Inhibitors in Gynecologic Malignancies

作　　者：陈舒雅 王建东[1] CHEN Shuya;WANG Jiandong(Departments of Gynecologic Oncology,Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100006,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院妇瘤科,北京100006

出　　处：《医学综述》2021年第11期2151-2156,共6页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：卵巢癌是常见的妇科恶性肿瘤之一,复发率及病死率高、预后差,既往传统治疗方式未能有效控制卵巢癌进展。近年来,多腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶抑制剂(PARPi)的出现为卵巢癌靶向治疗带来了新的希望。同源重组修复(HRR)通路的损伤DNA修复具有高保真性,乳腺癌易感基因(BRCA)1/2是该通路的重要蛋白。在部分伴BRCA突变卵巢癌中,PARPi通过“合成致死效应”阻断HRR通路,杀伤肿瘤细胞。随着研究的不断深入,DNA修复机制及PARPi在妇科肿瘤治疗中的潜在应用范围不断扩大。除卵巢癌外,目前PARPi对子宫体及宫颈恶性肿瘤的治疗作用已进入初步探索阶段。As a common type of gynecologic malignancy,ovarian cancer exhibits with high recurrent rate and mortality,as well as poor prognosis.The conventional treatment modality showed limited efficacy.Poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitor(PARPi)has recently emerged as a promising option of targeted therapy for ovarian cancer.Homologous recombination repair(HRR)is a pathway which repairs damaged DNA with high-fidelity,and breast cancer susceptibility gene(BRCA)1/2 proteins are essential to this pathway.For cases with BRCA mutations,PARPi leads to tumor cell death through blocking the HRR pathway by"synthetic lethality".With the deepening of research,the potential application of DNA repair mechanism and PARPi in the treatment of gynecologic tumors is expanding.At present,in addition to ovarian cancer,it has entered the preliminary stage of PARPi in treatment of malignancies of uterine body and cervix.

关 键 词：妇科恶性肿瘤 卵巢癌 多腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶抑制剂 同源重组修复 乳腺癌易感基因突变 靶向治疗 

分 类 号：R711.4[医药卫生—妇产科学]