儿童营养状态指标与反复呼吸道感染的危险因素分析  

Analysis of Children Nutritional Status Indexes and Risk Factors of Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infection

作　　者：马科[1] 寇艳[1] 卢蓉[1] 李元霞[1] 杨茜 MA Ke;KOU Yan;LU Rong;LI Yuanxia;YANG Qian(Department of Pediatrics,Yan′an University Affiliated Hospital,Yan′an 716000,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学附属医院儿科,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《医学综述》2021年第11期2239-2243,共5页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：中华国际科学交流基金项目(Z2018LSXB009)。

摘　　要：目的分析儿童营养状态指标与反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)的危险因素。方法选取2018年7月至2019年7月就诊于延安大学附属医院、子长县人民医院、吴起县中医院等延安市县级及以上共16家医院的1500例RRTI患儿作为研究对象,选取同期体检儿童1000例作为对照组,比较两组儿童一般资料及营养状态指标,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析RRTI发生的影响因素。结果RRTI组WHZ<-2、HAZ<-2、WAZ<-2、早产的比例高于对照组[37.27%(559/1500)比32.70%(327/1000)、33.27%(499/1500)比28.50%(285/1000)、38.67%(580/1500)比34.00%(340/1000)、10.00%(150/1500)比6.10%(61/1000)],出生体重、母乳喂养比例、平均果蔬量>250 g/d及平均户外活动时间>5 h/周的比例低于对照组[(3.23±1.01)kg比(3.47±1.14)kg、39.20%(588/1500)比45.20%(452/1000)、44.47%(667/1500)比71.10%(711/1000)、83.27%(1249/1500)比88.20%(882/1000)](P<0.05)。RRTI组钙、铁、锌、白蛋白、IgA、IgM、IgG、维生素A、维生素D、血红蛋白(Hb)水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,低出生时体重、钙、铁、锌、白蛋白、IgA、IgM、IgG、维生素A、维生素D及Hb水平、WAZ≥-2、早产、非母乳喂养、平均果蔬量(≤250 g/d)、平均户外活动时间(≤5 h/周)是RRTI的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论儿童营养状态与RRTI相关,且低营养状态儿童患RRTI的风险更高,而患儿体内低营养状态与出生方式、喂养方式相关。Objective To analyze the children′s nutritional status indicators and the risk factors of recurrent respiratory tract infection(RRTI).Methods A total of 1500 children with RRTI in 16 hospitals at the county level and above in Yan′an City,including the Affiliated Hospital of Yan′an University,Zichang County People′s Hospital,and Wuqi County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine etc.,were included in the study from Jul.2018 to Jul.2019,and 1000 children with physical examination during the same period were included as a control group.The general data and nutritional status indicators of the two groups were compared,and multivariate Logistic regression model was adopted to analyze the factors affecting the occurrence of RRTI.Results The ratios of WHZ<-2,HAZ<-2,WAZ<-2,premature delivery in the RRTI group were significantly higher than those in the control group[37.27%(559/1500)vs 32.70%(327/1000),33.27%(499/1500)vs 28.50%(285/1000),38.67%(580/1500)vs 34.00%(340/1000),10.00%(150/1500)vs 6.10%(61/1000)],and the birth weight,the proportion of breast-feeding,the average amount of fruits and vegetables>250 g/d and the average outdoor activity time>5 h/week were lower than those of the control group[(3.23±1.01)kg vs(3.47±1.14)kg,39.20%(588/1500)vs 45.20%(452/1000),44.47%(667/1500)vs 71.10%(711/1000),83.27%(1249/1500)vs 88.20%(882/1000)](P<0.05).The nutritional status of calcium,iron,zinc,albumin,IgA,IgM,IgG,vitamin A,vitamin D,hemoglobin(Hb)in the RRTI group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that low birth weight,calcium,iron,zinc,albumin,IgA,IgM,IgG,vitamin A,vitamin D and Hb levels,WAZ≥-2,premature birth,non-breastfeeding,average fruit and vegetable quantity(≤250 g/d),average outdoor activity time(≤5 h/week)were independent risk factors for RRTI(P<0.05).Conclusion Children′s nutritional status is related to RRTI,and children with low nutritional status are at higher risk of RRTI,and low nutritional status in children is related to fac

关 键 词：反复呼吸道感染 儿童 营养状态 危险因素 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]