巨龙竹林分结构及物种多样性特征  

Structural Characteristicand Species Diversityof Dendrocalamus sinicus Stand

作　　者：郭强 官凤英 刘蔚漪[2] 辉朝茂[2] 邹学明 Guo Qiang;Guan Fengying;Liu Weiyi;Hui Chaomao;Zou Xueming(International Center for Bamboo and Rattan,Beijing 100102,P.R.China;Southwest Forestry University;Cangyuan WA Autonomous County Forest and Grass Bureau)

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤中心,北京100102 [2]西南林业大学 [3]沧源县林业和草原局

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2021年第6期23-28,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：“十三五”国家科技支撑项目(2018YFD0600103);云南滇南竹林生态系统定位观测研究站资助。

摘　　要：调查滇西南巨龙竹在2017—2019年的年龄、直径、密度等林分结构因子,并对其植被组成、物种多样性进行分析。结果表明:巨龙竹林分干龄分布、丛立竹密度分布均呈右偏缓峰状;竹丛年龄分布、直径分布均呈左偏聚集状。2017—2019年林分逐年向更高龄、更大径阶、更高丛立竹密度的范围分布,除2018年、2019年的直径分布差异不显著,其余结构特征在各生长季间均呈极显著差异(P<0.01)。利用威布尔分布拟合其直径、丛立竹密度分布的效果优于其余分布模型(直径的R^(2)>0.93,密度的R^(2)>0.99)。竹冠投影面积与竹蔸面积、丛立竹干数均呈极显著高度正相关(P<0.01,R>0.75),与平均胸径、年龄的相关性较弱(R<0.30)。林分共计植物种类73种,隶属于39科67属,其中乔木层以巨龙竹为绝对优势植物;灌木层无优势植物;草本层以多羽凤尾蕨为优势植物;层间植被以荜拔、异形南五味子为优势植物。物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数在各林下植被层中变化一致,各指数由高到低依次为灌木层、草本层、层间植被。灌木层、草本层的植物物种数均随调查样方面积增大而增加,可用自然对数转化线性方程反映其种-面积关系(R>0.97)。当调查面积分别为210.25、90.25 m^(2)时,其样方内可涵盖林分85%的灌木、草本植物种类,且后续数量变化趋势不明显。In order to understand the structural characteristics of Dendrocalamus sinicus stand and the development level of its vegetation community,the structure factors of D.sinicus stand such as age,diameter and density were investigated in southwest Yunnan from 2017 to 2019,and the plant composition and the species diversity of the stand were analyzed to provide the oretical reference and data support for the conservation and development of D.sinicus in the future.For D.sinicus,the age distribution of stalk and the density distribution were right-skewing and dispersed,but the age distribution of cluster and the diameter distribution were left-skewing and concentrated.There was no significant difference in diameter distribution between 2019 and 2018,but the other structural characteristics were significantly different in each growing season with D.sinicus increasing in age,diameter and density year by year(P<0.01).The diameter distribution was better fitted by Weibull than other models,and the density distribution was the same(R^(2) Diamete>0.93 and R^(2) Density>0.99).The projection area of canopy was highly positively correlated with the bamboo stump area and the stalk number per cluster(P<0.01,R>0.75),but weakly correlated with mean diameter and age(R<0.30).There were 73 species of plants in the stand,belonging to 39 families and 67 genera.Among them,D.sinicus was absolutely dominant in the arborous layer,Pteris decrescens was dominant in the herb layer and Piper longum and Kadsura heteroclita heteroclite were dominant in the inter-layer with no dominant plants in the shrub layer.Species richness and diversity indices such as Shannon-Wiener,Simpson and Pielou were similarly changed in descending order of shrub layer,herb layer and inter-layer.The number of plant species increased with the increase of the quadrat area in the shrub or herb layer respectively,indicating the linear model by transforming the natural logarithm was used to reflect the relationship between species number and survey area well(R>0.97).When the

关 键 词：巨龙竹 林分结构 分布拟合 植被组成 物种多样性 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学] S757.1