掺杂氯化锂的聚氨酯超细纳米纤维的制备及其空气过滤应用  

Preparation of LiCl-Doped PU Ultrafine Nanofibers and Air Filtration Application

作　　者：邵伟力[1] 张雨婷 薛媛 岳万里 崔宸 孙宁[1] 刘凡 喻红芹[1] 徐淑萍[1] SHAO Weili;ZHANG Yuting;XUE Yuan;YUE Wanli;CUI Chen;SUN Ning;LIU Fan;YU Hongqin;XU Shuping(Zhongyuan University of Technology Textile and Apparel Industry Research Institute,Zhengzhou 451191,China;Zhongyuan University of Technology Clothing Institute,Zhengzhou 451191,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Xinxiang Bailu Investment Group Co.Ltd,Xinxiang 453006,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院纺织服装产业研究院,河南郑州451191 [2]中原工学院服装学院,河南郑州451191 [3]郑州大学材料科学与工程学院,河南郑州450001 [4]新乡白鹭投资集团有限公司,河南新乡453006

出　　处：《材料科学与工程学报》2021年第3期461-465,501,共6页Journal of Materials Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51803244,22002193);河南省青年人才托举工程资助项目(2020HYP032);河南省高等学校重点科研资助项目(20A540002)。

摘　　要：本研究采用静电纺丝技术制备掺杂氯化锂(LiCl)的超细聚氨酯(PU)纳米纤维以用作空气过滤,并通过不同的测试方法对其进行表征。研究结果表明,当PU浓度为15wt%时(盐的固含量为0.3wt%),纳米纤维的结构形貌较整齐有序,纤维分布均匀,纳米纤维平均直径达到84nm。此时,纤维的断裂伸长率为186.01%,断裂强度为6.29MPa;当LiCl溶液浓度升高时,纤维形貌开始变差,力学性能开始下降。当LiCl含量达到0.5wt%时,其断裂伸长率为131.07%,断裂强度为2.43 MPa。利用此纺丝工艺,本研究制备了一种新型的三层结构的玻璃纤维粗网/克重为2~3g/m^(2)的纳米纤维膜/聚酯纤维细网,过滤阻力为30.89Pa,过滤效率94.71%(测试条件为:气体流速设置在32L/min,NaCl气溶胶颗粒直径0.3μm)。In order to find air filtration application ultrathin polyurethane(PU)nanofibers doped with lithium chloride(LiCl)were prepared by electrospinning technology and then characterized by different method.The results show that when the PU concentration is 15 wt%(the ratio of LiCl/PU is 0.3 wt%),the fiber diameters are the most uniform and the average diameter of the nanofibers is 84 nm.In addition,the breaking elongation and breaking strength of nanofiber membrane(NM)reached 6.29 MPa and 186.01%,respectively.When the concentration of LiCl exceeded 0.3 wt%,the uniformity of NM and mechanical properties began to decline.A novel window screening with sandwich structure was made from glass fiber network with large grid,NM(weight of 2-3 g/m^(2))and polyester fiber network with small grid,and its filtration efficiency and filtration resistance were 96.14% and 24.89 Pa,respectively.Therefore,this kind of nanofiber composite materials have a great potential in the application of air purification.

关 键 词：静电纺丝 纳米纤维 氯化锂掺杂 聚氨酯 空气过滤 

分 类 号：TQ342.93[化学工程—化纤工业]