公共场所手卫生现状调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of hand hygiene in public places

作　　者：林若凡 刘慧 李星军[2] LIN Ruofan;LIU Hui;LI Xingjun(Shanghai Chongming Middle School,Shanghai,202150,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市崇明中学 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院崇明分院检验科,上海202150

出　　处：《实用手外科杂志》2021年第2期240-243,共4页Journal of Practical Hand Surgery

基　　金：上海市崇明中学科研项目(编号:CZKY2020-06)。

摘　　要：目的调查不同公共场所人群进出盥洗间洗手前后手卫生效果及手卫生依从性的评价。方法2020年1月-2021年2月,选择五星级酒店公共盥洗间、客轮渡候船室盥洗间、高中学校公共盥洗间、图书馆盥洗间4类具有代表性的公共场所随机选择各120例作为观察组,医务工作人员120例作为对照组检测洗手前后手细菌菌落计数。对以上五处采样点进出盥洗间的其他人群,在不告知观察对象的情况下,由受过专门培训的观察员进行连续观察,看是否自觉进行手卫生,并详细记录。结果洗手前细菌菌落数各组间数据比较有统计学意义,高中学校、图书馆和医务工作者洗手前菌落计数差异无统计学意义,五星酒店与侯船室两组间有显著性差异,且两组分别与学校、图书馆和医务工作者有显著性差异;洗手后细菌菌落数各组间数据比较有显著的统计学意义,而各组间多重方差分析结果显示洗手后细菌菌落数差异均有统计学意义;洗手前后细菌计数平均总下降比例为:72.57%,其中五星酒店组下降了73.27%,客轮渡侯船室组下降了68.64%,高中学校组下降了60.88%,图书馆组下降了67.36%,医务人员组下降比例92.62%;所有组洗手平均时间为:(24.54±18.24)秒,各群组间洗手时间比较有显著的统计学意义(F=809.411,P<0.001),图书馆与五星酒店两组间洗手时间无统计学意义(P=0.943>0.05),两组分别与其余各组间均具有显著性差异,洗手时间的长短与手细菌数下降率呈正相关;公共场所人员进出盥洗间手卫生依从率77.16%,明显低于医务人员手卫生依从率98.57%。结论不同的公共场所、不同的人群、不同洗手方法、洗手所用时间不同,手卫生效果不同。不同的人群不同洗手方法和习惯,随意性较大,提倡科学、规范的医务人员洗手规范,为大众科学有效洗手提供科普宣传教育依据。Objective To investigate the effect of hand hygiene and hand hygiene compliance before and after washing hands in different public places.Methods From January in 2020 to Febuary in 2021,120 cases of representative public places were randomly selected as the research objects,including public toilets of five-star hotels,passenger ferry waiting rooms,public toilets of high schools and library toilets.120 medical staff were selected as control group to detect bacterial colony count of hands before and after hand washing.For the other groups of people in and out of the toilet at the above five groups of sampling points,the specially trained observers were continuously observed to see whether they consciously carried out hand hygiene and recorded in detail.Results There was significant difference in the bacterial colony count between the groups before hand washing,but there was no significant difference between the high school,library and medical workers group before hand washing.There was significant difference between the five-star hotel and the ferry waiting room group,and there were significant differences between the two groups with the high schools,libraries and medical workers group.The results of multiple ANOVA showed that there were significant differences in bacterial colony count after hand washing among groups.The total decrease rate of bacteria count before and after hand washing was 72.57%,including 73.27%in five star hotel group,68.64%in passenger ferry waiting room group,60.88%in high school group,67.36%in library group and 92.62%in medical staff group.The average time of hand washing in all groups was(24.54±18.24)s;There was significant difference in hand washing time among groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in hand washing time between the Library and the five star hotel groups(P>0.05).There was a positive correlation between the length of hand washing time and the decreasing rate of bacteria count.The compliance rate of hand hygiene in public places was 77.16%,which was significantly

关 键 词：公共场所 手卫生 洗手 效果 依从性 直接观察法 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]