合金元素对铜/钢接头连接机理及性能的影响  

Effect of alloy elements on the interface connection mechanism and properties of copper/steel welded joints

作　　者：李继红[1] 张云龙[1] 杜明科 张敏[1] 李静[1] 雷龙宇 LI Jihong;ZHANG Yunlong;DU Mingke;ZHANG Min;LI Jing;LEI Longyu(Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学,西安710048

出　　处：《焊接学报》2021年第3期34-41,I0004,共9页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974243);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JZ-31);陕西省教育厅自然科学专项(19JK0590).

摘　　要：采用HS201实心焊丝、Cu-Si药芯焊丝、Cu-Ni药芯焊丝3种不同的焊接材料对T2铜和304不锈钢异种金属进行了熔化极气体保护焊接试验.主要研究了合金元素(Si,Ni)对T2铜/304不锈钢连接机理及焊接接头微观组织、力学性能的影响.结果表明,采用3组焊丝得到的焊缝成形良好,且焊接接头的横截面均未出现明显的宏观缺陷;HS201焊接接头和Cu-Si焊接接头的钢母材与焊缝交界处均发现了明显的过渡区域,其组织可分为富铁相和富铜相;Cu-Ni焊接接头中不存在明显的过渡区域,且焊缝中出现了较多的富铁相,多以树枝晶的形态存在;Si,Ni元素可以显著提高焊缝的冲击韧性,其中Cu-Ni焊缝的室温冲击吸收能量最高(AKV=54 J),可达铜母材的83%以上;Cu-Ni焊接接头的焊缝区中,硬度值较高的区域占比最大,Cu-Si焊接接头次之.In this paper,gas metal arc welding tests were carried out on dissimilar metals of T2 copper and 304 stainless steel using HS201 solid wire,Cu-Si flux-cored wire and Cu-Ni flux-cored wire.This paper mainly studied the effects of alloy elements(Si,Ni)on the connection mechanism,microstructure and mechanical properties of T2 copper/304 stainless steel welded joints.The results show the welds formed by 3 groups of welding wire are good,and there are no macroscopic defects in the cross section of the welded joint.The obvious transition regions is found at the interface between the steel base material and the weld of HS201 and Cu-Si welded joints,and the microstructure can be divided into iron-rich phase and copperrich phase.There is no obvious transition region in the Cu-Ni joint,and there are more iron-rich phases in the weld,mostly in the form of dendrite.The Si and Ni elements can significantly improve the impact toughness of the weld,and the impact absorbing energy of Cu-Ni weld is the highest(AKV=54 J),which can reach more than 83%of the copper base metal.In the weld zone of Cu-Ni welded joint,the area with high hardness value accounts for the largest proportion,followed by Cu-Si welded joint.

关 键 词：熔化极气体保护焊 铜/钢焊接接头 界面连接机理 微观组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG422.3[金属学及工艺—焊接]