人参“开心”意涵之探析与新解  

Analysis and New Interpretation of Renshen(Ginseng)"Kai Xin"Meaning

作　　者：谢伟[1] 刘晓芳[1] 周鹏[1] 曹红波 XIE Wei;LIU Xiao-fang;ZHOU Peng;CAO Hong-bo(Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学中医学院,天津300193

出　　处：《中医药导报》2021年第5期215-217,225,共4页Guiding Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2014CB543000);天津市高等学校科技发展基金计划项目(2018KJ042)。

摘　　要：目的:以《神农本草经》和《伤寒杂病论》原文入手,从“开心”和“心”字意涵、涉“心”之人参经方和用药研究3个方面,探寻本经中人参“开心”之意涵。方法:以《神农本草经》中涉及“开心”和“心”字的条文48条,和《伤寒杂病论》中涉“心”之人参经方14首建立数据库,进行频数统计和方药分析,研究人参“开心”与病位、病证、症状、病机、功效、方药等因素的关系。结果:(1)“心”字以部位和病证、病机或症状组合在《神农本草经》中出现31次,《伤寒杂病论》中出现11次;其以病证(或症状)名在《神农本草经》中出现6次,《伤寒杂病论》中出现4次;其以功效名在《神农本草经》中出现11次,而“开心”和“开心孔”仅各出现1次。因此推知“心”字可实指心之本脏,亦可泛指与“心”相邻的胸腹部位。(2)14首涉“心”之人参经方(实际该类方并非仅治神志或情志疾患)可用治“心”之本脏或与“心”相关(邻)的胸腹病变,尤其可用治心下痞。(3)13首涉“心”之经方中的人参有补中益气、补虚之功效,仅1首经方中的人参功效为益气复脉。结论:人参“开心”说可实指人参有益心调神复脉之药效,亦可泛指其能调补心脾,甚至五脏,以助“心”之本脏,或心腹(胃)或心胸之疾的开达痊愈。Objective:Based on the origind texts of Shennong’s Classic of Meteria Medica and Cold-Induced and Miscellaneous Disease,this paper explored the meaning of Ginseng being"Kai Xin"from three aspects:the meaning of"Kai Xin"and"Xin",the ginseng prescriptions involving"Xin"and the research of medication.Methods:Based on the 48 articles of Shennong’s Classic of Meteria Medica involving"Kaixin"and"Xin"and the 14 prescriptions of ginseng prescription involving"Xin"in Cold-Induced and Miscellaneous Disease,a database was established to conduct frequency statistics and prescription analysis,and the relationship between ginseng"Kaixin"and disease position,disease syndrome,symptoms,pathogenesis,efficacy,prescriptions and other factors were studied.Results:(1)The word"Xin"appeared 31 times in Shennong’s Classic of Meteria Medica and 11 times in Cold-Induced and Miscellaneous Disease by combination of position,disease syndrome,pathogenesis or symptoms.It appeared 6 times in Shennong’s Classic of Meteria Medica and 4 times in Cold-Induced and Miscellaneous Disease under the name of disease syndrome(or symptom).It appears 11 times in Shennong’s Classic of Meteria Medica by its efficacy,while"Kaixin"and"Kai Xinkong"only appear once each.Therefore,it is concluded that the word"Xin"can actually refer to the heart of the viscera,and can also refer to the adjacent chest and abdomen of the"Xin".(2)14 ginseng prescription related to the"Xin"(in fact,this kind of prescription is not only for the treatment of mental or emotional disorders)can be used to treat the original viscera of the"Xin"or the chest and abdomen diseases related to the"Xin",especially for the treatment of the lower part of the"Xin".(3)The ginseng in 13 meridian prescriptions related to"Xin"has the effect of tonifying the middle and replenishing qi and replenishing deficiency,and only one of them has the effect of replenishing qi and restoring veins.Conclusion:The"Kai Xin"theory of ginseng can actually refer to the medicinal effect of ginseng that is beneficia

关 键 词：人参 “开心” 意涵 《神农本草经》 《伤寒杂病论》 

分 类 号：R2-09[医药卫生—中医学]