^(60)Co γ辐射对两种栀子组织培养的影响  

Effect of ^(60)Co γ ray radiation on tissue culture of gardenias

作　　者：胡瑶 雷星宇 李宏告[1] 张勇[1] 周毅吉 李丽辉[1] HU Yao;LEI Xingyu;LI Honggao;ZHANG Yong;ZHOU Yiji;LI Lihui(Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hunan Institute of Nuclear Agriculture Science and Space Breeding,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院核农学与航天育种研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《辐射研究与辐射工艺学报》2021年第3期58-64,共7页Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing

基　　金：湖南省农业科技创新资金项目(2019ZYC02、2020CX03-2)资助。

摘　　要：探讨^(60)Co γ辐射对药用栀子种子组织培养的诱变效应。以“林海1号”、武冈野生栀子果实为试材,采用4个剂量的^(60)Co γ射线辐照处理,处理后取种子进行组织培养。观察不同辐射条件下两种栀子组织培养出愈率、死亡率、不定芽分化、不定根分化情况,以及组培苗叶片结构的变化。随着吸收剂量的增加,“林海1号”出愈率降低,而武冈野生栀子40 Gy处理的出愈率升高;辐照后两种栀子不定芽分化率、生根率均呈下降趋势;“林海1号”半致死剂量范围为40~60 Gy;武冈野生栀子半致死剂量约为40 Gy。经过辐照处理的两种栀子叶片气孔都发生了不同程度的变化,保卫细胞出现皱缩现象,两种栀子均以40 Gy处理最为明显。20~40 Gy ^(60)Co γ射线辐照处理后,“林海1号”栀子、武冈野生栀子均能出苗且正常生长,生根率较高,是较为合适的剂量范围。This study aims to investigate the mutagenic effect of ^(60)Co γ radiation on the tissue culture of medicinal gardenia seeds.Four ^(60)Co γ radiation doses were selected to irradiate the fruits of the gardenia jasminoides obtained from Linhai No.1 and those of the wild jasminoides obtained from Wugang,and then the treated seeds were tissue cultured.The rate of callus,mortality,adventitious bud differentiation,and adventitious root differentiation,and the change in the structure of the leaf tissue under different radiation doses were observed and compared.With the increase in the ^(60)Co γ radiation dose,the callus rate of the Linhai No.1 gardenia decreased,whereas that of the Wugang wild gardenia increased under a radiation dose of 40 Gy.The adventitious bud differentiation rate and rooting rate of the two types of gardenias decreased after radiation.The semilethal dose for the“Linhai No.1”gardenia was 20~40 Gy and that of the Wugang wild gardenia was approximately 40 Gy.Different degrees of changes were observed in the stomata of the leaves of the two gardenias,and their guard cells were found to shrink;the most significant differences were observed under the radiation dose of 40 Gy.The“Linhai No.1”and Wugang wild gardenias that were treated under ^(60)Co γ radiation emerged and grew normally with a higher rooting rate,indicating that ^(60)Co γ is a more suitable radiation dosage.

关 键 词：^(60)Coγ 辐射 栀子 组织培养 

分 类 号：Q691.5[生物学—生物物理学]