青藏高原东南缘覆被交错带生态环境脆弱性评价  

Assessment of ecological vulnerability in the ecotone of the southeast margin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau

作　　者：王莹[1] 谢忠元 李峰 邵怀勇[1] WANG Ying;XIE Zhong-yuan;LI Feng;SHAO Huai-yong(School of Geosciences,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地球科学学院,成都610059

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2021年第11期39-44,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41302282);四川省科技厅应用基础计划项目(2015JY0145)。

摘　　要：为对青藏高原东南缘覆被交错带的生态环境治理和保护提供一定的依据,基于气象、地形和土地资源数据选取9个评价指标,采取熵值法与层次分析法优化组合的方式对青藏高原东南缘覆被交错带2010年、2015年及2018年的生态环境脆弱性展开综合评价。结果表明,研究区各脆弱等级面积由大到小依次为轻度脆弱、微度脆弱、中度脆弱、重度脆弱、极度脆弱;研究区生态环境脆弱性程度主要受到土壤侵蚀、植被覆盖度、坡度、土地利用类型以及气温等评价指标的影响;研究区生态环境脆弱程度分布为冰川>冰川林地交错带>林草交错带>耕地>草地>林地;与2010年相比,2018年生态环境呈良性的变化趋势。这表明近年来研究区内开展的高寒草地修复和退耕还林等生态工程已有成效,但仍需继续推进并完善环境治理手段。To provide some basis for the ecological environment management and protection of the ecotone in the southeast margin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau,this paper selected nine evaluation indexes and adopted the method of entropy and AHP to evaluate the ecological environment vulnerability of the southeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in 2010,2015 and 2018 based on the data of meteorology,topography and land resources.The results showed that the vulnerable areas of the study area were in the decreased order of mild vulnerability,micro vulnerability,moderate vulnerability,severe vulnerability,extreme vulnerability;The vulnerability de⁃gree of the ecological environment in the study area was mainly affected by soil erosion,vegetation coverage,slope,land use type and temperature;The vulnerability degree of the ecological environment in the study area was distributed as decreased order of glaciers,glaciers and woodlands belt,forest grass ecotone,cultivated land,grassland,and forest land;Compared with 2010,the ecological en⁃vironment in 2018 showed a positive trend of change.The results indicate that the ecological projects such as the restoration of alpine grassland and the conversion of cropland to forest have been effective in recent years,but still need to continue to promote and improve the means of environmental governance.

关 键 词：熵值法 层次分析法 青藏高原东南缘覆被交错带 生态环境脆弱性 变化趋势 

分 类 号：X821[环境科学与工程—环境工程]