裁判者信任困境与国际投资争端解决机制的信任塑造  

Referee’s Trust Dilemma and the Trust Shaping of the International Investment Dispute Settlement Mechanism

作　　者：曹兴国[1] Cao Xingguo(Law School of Dalian Maritime University,Dalian Liaoning,116026)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学法学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《政法论丛》2021年第3期137-148,共12页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：辽宁省社科基金项目“自贸区建设背景下辽宁仲裁机构治理机制的改革与创新研究”(L19CFX002);中国国际贸易促进委员会委托项目“‘一带一路’投资争端解决研究”(852000031);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(3132020246)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：以裁判者的信任困境为代表,国际投资争端解决机制的信任塑造难题由来已久。从国内法院法官到国际投资仲裁员,裁判者依然面临独立性、代表性以及专业性方面的质疑,并形成了有关仲裁员行为规范、利益冲突规则、遴选机制完善,裁判者任命机制变革,以及裁判者裁判权与东道国规制权关系协调的不同改革路径。这些改革是国际投资治理范式转变的一部分,背后是国际投资治理的控制之争。虽然在中欧双边层面,我国对欧盟投资法庭模式具备让步的空间,但在多边和更广泛的双边层面,我国应采取平衡化的立场,警惕裁判者任命权转移可能带来的过度政治化风险,在裁判权与规制权的协调中防止规制权被滥用,并可以考虑采用独立第三方机构主导的强制仲裁员名册制度以及上诉机构成员选任机制。The trust shaping of the international investment dispute settlement mechanism is a long-term problem,among which the trust dilemma of the referees is the key issue. From domestic court judges to international investment arbitrators,the referees of investment disputes still face controversyover their independence,representativeness and professionalism,and has formed different paths of reforms concerning the arbitrator’s code of conduct,rulesofinterestconflict,selection and appointment mechanisms of referees,and relaxation of the relationship between judicial power and regulatory power. The trust dilemma of the referee is part of the paradigm shift of international investment governance, behind which is the contestfor the control of international investment governance. Although at the Sino-European bilateral level,China has room for concessions to the referee appointment mechanism under the EU Investment Tribunal mechanism,at the multilateral and broader bilateral level,China should adopt a balanced strategy,avoiding the risk of excessive politicization in the transfer of the referee ’s appointment power,preventing the risk of abuse of the regulatory power in the process of coordinating judicial power and regulatory power,andit is recommended to authorize an independent institution to adopt a mandatory arbitrator listand select the members of the possibleappellate body.

关 键 词：国际投资争端解决 仲裁员 东道国规制权 政治化 中欧投资协定 

分 类 号：DF974[政治法律—国际法学]