试论香港多语人社群的语言生活  

On the Language Life of Hong Kong’s Multilingual Community

作　　者：史有为[1,2,3] Shi Youwei

机构地区：[1]中央民族学院 [2]日本大阪外国语大学 [3]日本明海大学

出　　处：《语言战略研究》2021年第4期86-96,共11页Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning

摘　　要：香港语言生活中存在3个令人关注的方面:三类中文、社区词和汉字字形。(1)香港是一个由多语人组成的社群,多语码使用是香港的语言生活实态。香港中文在书面上同时存在通用中文、港式中文和粤式中文3种形态。香港多文现象由语言距离、语言态势、文字支持、管治情态、社区定位、集群效应、历史习惯、心理认可等8项因素参与形成。(2)社区词是从区域性社会或语词与社会的关系这一角度划分出来的,应从“社区专用”去认识。社区词突破了方言词与外来词的局限,又打通了社会语言学与本体语言学的界限。环视世界,在民族标准语下,每一种多方言社区都可能存在社区词。(3)香港有一些汉字繁简字形共存的试验。在繁体字的氛围下,可以期待有新的发展。香港的语言生活在其他汉语/华语社区都有类似情形,应具有普遍意义。This article discusses three aspects of Hong Kong’s language life:three forms of Chinese,community words,and Chinese character forms.First,Hong Kong is a community composed of multilingual people,and the use of multilingual codes is the reality of Hong Kong’s language life.There are three forms of Hong Kong Chinese in writing:General Chinese,Hong Kong Chinese,and Cantonese Chinese.The multilingual phenomenon in Hong Kong is caused by a variety of sociopolitical factors such as language distance,language hierarchy,character availability,governance modality,community positioning,cluster eff ect,historical habits,and psychological recognition.Second,community words are categorized from the perspective of regional society or the relationship between words and society and should be understood from the“community-specifi c”per-spective.Community words break through the limitations of dialect words and foreign words and the boundaries between soci-olinguistics and noumental linguistics.Around the world,under the national standard language,there may be community words in every multi-dialect community.Third,Hong Kong has experimented on the coexistence of traditional and simplifi ed Chinese characters.In the atmosphere of traditional characters,new developments can be expected in the unifi cation of the traditional and simplifi ed characters.The language life in Hong Kong has similar features with other Chinese-speaking communities,thus shall be accorded universal signifi cance.

关 键 词：香港社群 多语码 语言生活 多文现象 社区词 文字试验 

分 类 号：H002[语言文字—语言学]