赤点石斑鱼(Epinephelus akaara ♀)与云纹石斑鱼( E.moara ♂)杂交子一代染色体核型分析  

Karyotype analysis of hybrid F_(1) groupers(Epinephelus akaara♀×E.moara♂)

作　　者：葛晓玉 吴水清[2] 陈仕玺[1] 孙超 蔡雅博 郑乐云[2] GE Xiaoyu;WU Shuiqing;CHEN Shixi;SUN Chao;CAI Yabo;ZHENG Leyun(College of Ocean and Earth Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China;Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361013,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361102 [2]福建省水产研究所,福建厦门361013

出　　处：《渔业研究》2021年第3期231-238,共8页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2018J01032);厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20193021).

摘　　要：以赤点石斑鱼(Epinephelus akaara)为母本、云纹石斑鱼(E.moara)为父本进行杂交,通过人工授精技术可获得正常发育的杂交子一代,俗称红云石斑鱼(红云斑)。本文通过活体注射植物血球凝集素(PHA)及秋水仙素溶液,采用头肾细胞直接制片法,研究红云石斑鱼染色体核型。结果表明,红云石斑鱼染色体数目为48(即2n=48),其中中部着丝点染色体(m)和亚中部着丝点染色体(sm)各1对,2对为亚端部着丝点染色体(st)和20对为端部着丝点染色体(t),其染色体臂数(NF)为56,染色体核型公式为2n=48=2m+2sm+4st+40t,NF=56。本研究为红云石斑鱼的亲缘关系分析、遗传变异,以及杂交后代种质鉴定、性状选育和种质改良提供了重要的科学根据。In recent years,with the development of the grouper industry,hybrid breeding has played an important role in the development and cultivation of new species of grouper farming.The karyotype analysis of fish is of great significance in fish hybrid breeding,genetic relationship and genetic variation.Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian carried out research on the hybrid of Epinephelus akaara♀and E.moara♂in 2013,and successfully obtained the hybrid F_(1)(E.akaara♀×E.moara♂),but no chromosome karyotype analysis of hybrid F_(1)has been reported.Thus,using E.akaara as female parent and E.moara as male parent,we obtained hybrid generation of normal development by artificial insemination technology,which called“Red cloud grouper”.In this study,the karyotype of F_(1)groupers(E.akaara♀×E.moara♂)was studied.The juvenile fish were intraperitoneally injected with bovine serum albumin(BSA),followed by phytohemagglutinin(PHA)and colchicine solutions.The metaphase chromosome spreads were obtained from head kidney cells.The results of the study showed that the number of chromosomes of the hybrid F_(1)groupers(E.akaara♀×E.moara♂)was 48(i.e.2n=48),of which one pair was metacentric chromosomes(m),one pair was sub-metacentric chromosomes(sm),two pairs were sub-telocentric chromosomes(st)and twenty pairs were telocentric chromosomes(t).Among these 48 chromosomes of the hybrid F1 groupers(E.akaara♀×E.moara♂),the largest relative length was(5.15±0.28),and the smallest relative length was(2.84±0.11).The number of chromosome arms(NF)of hybrid F_(1)groupers(E.akaara♀×E.moara♂)was 56.According to the analysis,karyotype formula of hybrid F_(1)groupers(E.akaara♀×E.moara♂)was 2n=48=2m+2sm+4st+40t,NF=56.So far,karyotypes of 29 species of groupers have been reported.The chromosome number of these groupers is 2n=48,and the chromosome number of the hybrid F_(1)groupers(E.akaara♀×E.moara♂)in this paper was consistent with this.It can be seen that 2n=48 may be the most basic karyotype feature of groupers

关 键 词：赤点石斑鱼 云纹石斑鱼 杂交子一代 染色体核型 

分 类 号：Q343.22[生物学—遗传学]