从意愿到行动:老年长期照护需求与方式选择——基于上海地区4301个样本的实证分析  

From Intention to Action:Long-term Care Demand and Mode Choices of the Elderly:an Empirical Analysis based on 4301 Samples in Shanghai

作　　者：郭秀云[1] 汪善翔 GUO Xiuyun;Wang Shanxiang

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学政治学与公共管理学院,上海201620 [2]中共舟山市委党校,浙江舟山316000

出　　处：《社会工作》2021年第2期83-95,109,110,共15页Journal of Social Work

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“积极应对人口老龄化背景下加快养老服务体系建设研究”(20ZDA077);上海市政府决策咨询研究民政专项课题“上海常住人口老龄化分析预测”(2016-Z-Q02-A)。

摘　　要：文章基于2015年“第四次中国城乡老年人口生活状况抽样调查”上海地区的4301个样本数据,以Andersen行为模型为理论框架,分析老年人的照护意愿及其影响因素,进而探讨“从意愿到行动:照护需求与照护方式选择”的匹配关系。研究发现,使能因素对照护意愿的影响最大,其次是需求因素和倾向性特征;就有现实照护需求且有人照护的536位老人而言,实际照护方式的选择是基于家庭禀赋、自身的可行能力、健康状况、社会资源等因素的综合决策结果,与照护意愿并不完全匹配;自理情况与自评健康低度相关。老年长期照护体系的发展完善需要建立多元照护模式,为老年家庭照护者提供多元化支持,并构建科学、统一并适合中国国情的长期照护需求评估体系。Taking the Andersen behavior model as the theoretical framework,this paper analyzes the care inten-tion and influencing factors of the elderly based the sample data for Shanghai of the fourth China Urban and Rural Elderly Population Living Condition Survey in 2015.Furthermore,the matching relationship be-tween intention and action is discussed.The result shows that enabling factors are significant determi-nants,followed by demand and predisposing factors.For 536 elderly people with real needs and in care ac-tually,the choice of practice is based on family endowment,feasible ability,health status and social re-sources.The comprehensive decision results are not exactly matched with care intention,and the correla-tion between self-care and self-assessment health is low.The development and perfection of the long-term care system for the elderly requires the establishment of multiple old-age care models,the provision of di-versified support for the elderly family caregivers,and the establishment of a scientific,unified and suit-able long-term care needs assessment system for China.

关 键 词：长期照护 意愿 需求 照护方式 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]