荒野向田园转化的政区适应——南泥湾垦区的变迁  

Transformation from Wilderness to Countryside——Changes of Nanniwan Reclamation Area

作　　者：程森 Cheng Sen(Northwest Institute of Historical Environment and Socio-Economic Development,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an,710119)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学西北历史环境与经济社会发展研究院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《中国历史地理论丛》2021年第2期89-102,共14页Journal of Chinese Historical Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目“中国共产党华北根据地环境史研究(1935-1949)”(17XZS033)。

摘　　要：南泥湾垦区是抗战时期陕甘宁边区设置的军民垦荒区域,其辖区范围和行政演化长期以来未见明确的系统阐释。随着南泥湾的发现和中共中央、陕甘宁边区政府将南泥湾作为军事、移民垦荒区,南泥湾由荒野逐步向田园转化。在此过程中,边区政府不断调整垦区的行政区划,垦区历经乡级垦区、区级垦区和县级垦区三个阶段。与此同时,边区政府又先后设置了南泥湾农场管理处、南泥湾乡政府和南泥湾垦区政府三个行政管理机构,垦区的性质也逐渐由军事垦荒区向民众生产区域转变。南泥湾垦区的景观转化与政区演变关系的揭示,提示有必要加强革命地理问题研究,特别是革命活动开展过程中对地理环境的改造与创造两种行为,重视革命者在改造地理环境过程中的意识、思想与反思,以便构建自1921年以来中共生态文明思想发展史的完整序列。Nanniwan was a military and civilian reclamation area set up in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Area during the Anti-Japanese war, which had been no clear and systematic explanation of its jurisdiction and administrative evolution for a long time. According to this paper, Nanniwan has gradually transformed from wilderness to countryside with the discovery of Nanniwan which was regarded as a military and refugee reclamation area by the CPC Central Committee and the government of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Area. In this process, the government constantly adjusted the administrative division of the reclamation area, which went through three stages: township, district and county area. The government has successively set up three administrative organizations which are Nanniwan farm management office, township government and reclamation area government at the same time. Then the nature of reclamation area has gradually changed from military reclamation area to civilian production area. It also suggests that we should further strengthen the study of revolutionary geography from the relationship between landscape transformation and evolution of Nanniwan reclamation area, especially pay attention to the creation and transformation in the geographical environment for the process of revolutionary activities. In particular, we should attach importance to the consciousness, thought and reflection of revolutionaries in the process of transforming the geographical environment, which is helpful to construct a complete sequence of the development history of the ecological civilization thought of CPC since 1921.

关 键 词：南泥湾垦区 景观转化行政机构 辖区范围 革命地理 

分 类 号：K928[历史地理—人文地理学]