PLA/稻壳粉复合材料界面改性方法及性能研究  

Study on Interface Modification Methods and Properties of PLA/Rice Husk Powder Composites

作　　者：孙东宝 路琴[1] 陆鑫禹 贾王一 曹尚 SUN Dongbao;LU Qin;LU Xinyu;JIA Wangyi;CAO Shang(School of Engineering,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210031,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学工学院,南京210031

出　　处：《中国塑料》2021年第6期80-84,共5页China Plastics

基　　金：南京农业大学国家大学生创新训练计划资助项目(SRT)(202010307080Z)。

摘　　要：以聚乳酸(PLA)和稻壳粉为原料,添加不同含量壳聚糖、硅烷偶联剂和氢氧化钠(NaOH)作为改性剂,通过压膜成型法制备了PLA/稻壳粉复合材料,并对复合材料的力学性能和吸水性进行了测试表征,同时对复合材料进行了X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析。结果表明,当壳聚糖含量为4 g时,复合材料的洛氏硬度较高,其冲击强度、弯曲强度、拉伸强度分别提高了21%、70%和47%,24 h吸水率降低13%;当硅烷偶联剂含量为2 g时,其冲击强度、弯曲强度、拉伸强度分别提高50%、53%和65%,24 h吸水率降低43%;当用6 g NaOH处理时,复合材料的力学性能没有明显改善,24 h吸水率提升57%;硅烷偶联剂对复合材料具有较好的综合改性效果,壳聚糖可以较好地改善复合材料的力学性能,NaOH是较为优秀的亲水性改性剂。PLA/rice husk powder wood plastic composites were prepared by a compression molding method with chito⁃san,silane⁃coupling agent and sodium hydroxide as modifiers.Their mechanical properties and water absorption of the composites were characterized,and their crystalline structures were analyzed with XRD.The results indicated that the composites exhibited a higher Rockwell hardness at a chitosan mass of 4 g,and their impact strength,bending strength,tensile strength,and water absorption increased by 22%,77%,48%,and 40%respectively.When the content of si⁃lane coupling agent was 2 g,their impact strength,bending strength and tensile strength increased by 32%,78%and 61%,respectively,but their water absorption decreased by 7%.When the rice husk powders were treated with 6 g so⁃dium hydroxide,the composites did not show a significant enhancement in mechanical properties,and their water absorp⁃tion increased by 15%.In summary,silane coupling agent has a good comprehensive modification effect on the compos⁃ites,chitosan can better improve the mechanical properties of the composites,and NaOH is an excellent hydrophilic mod⁃ifier.

关 键 词：稻壳粉 聚乳酸 复合材料 力学性能 偶联剂 

分 类 号：TQ321[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]