长周期地震动-脉动风耦合作用下风电塔架动力响应分析与混合试验初步验证  

DYNAMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS AND PRELIMINARY VERIFICATION OF HYBRID TEST OF WIND POWER TOWER UNDER THE COUPLING OF LONG PERIOD GROUND MOTION AND FLUCTUATING WIND

作　　者：梅竹 胡皓 戴靠山 刘洋 MEI Zhu;HU Hao;DAI Kao-shan;LIU Yang(Department of Civil Engineering,College of Architecture and Environment,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学建筑与环境学院,成都610065

出　　处：《工程力学》2021年第S01期58-65,共8页Engineering Mechanics

基　　金：中国地震局工程力学研究所基本业务费专项资助项目(2019D18);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(19XJ0015);四川省科技计划项目(2020YJ0079);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51908384)。

摘　　要：随着我国对绿色能源需求的不断增加,风力发电场的建设逐渐向我国地震多发区扩张,风力发电塔面临着地震的严峻考验。地震荷载与常规风荷载共同作用下的风电塔性能正在成为设计中的重要参考标准。水平轴、三叶片风电塔是最为常见的风电塔类型,属于自振周期较长的高柔结构,对低频成分突出的长周期地震动比较敏感。因此,本文针对运转状态风力发电塔在长周期地震作用下的动力响应进行了分析。选择一座1.5 MW在役风电塔为原型结构,基于ABAQUS平台建立其壳单元模型,选择典型长周期地震动记录,通过动力时程分析对风电塔停机状态下的地震响应进行估计。基于Kaimal谱生成脉动风荷载,对地震-风耦合作用下的风电塔架动力响应进行模拟。结果表明:长周期地震动对风电塔塔顶位移放大作用明显,可超过风荷载成为控制荷载。为解决风电塔试验模型缩尺比较小与复杂荷载模拟问题,开发了混合试验的软件平台。通过混合试验的数值模拟结果与ABAQUS模型分析结果的对比,实现了风-震作用下风电塔混合试验的数值仿真验证。With the increasing demand of green energy,the location of wind farms has gradually developed towards to the earthquake-prone zones in China,causing wind turbines to face severe earthquake threats.Therefore,it is necessary to involve the case of coupled-earthquake-wind loads in the design of wind turbines.The horizontal-axis wind turbines with three blades are the most widely used,which are tall and flexural with a long nature period of vibration.This kind of wind turbines are more sensitive to long period earthquakes.It focus on the dynamic responses of the operating wind turbines under long period earthquakes.Taking a 1.5 MW wind turbine as the prototype,a finite element model was built in ABAQUS firstly using shell elements to simulate the seismic behavior.Then,the fluctuating wind loads were generated based on Kaimal spectrum and the dynamic response of the wind turbine is analyzed under coupled-earthquake-wind loads.Results show that the maximum displacement of tower top provided by long-period earthquakes is significantly amplified.The long-period earthquakes should be taken as one of the dominant loads for wind turbines.Finally,a software platform of hybrid simulation for wind turbines under wind-earthquake loads is developed to solve the problems of the complex loads and the small-scale specimens of wind turbines.The results provided by the numerical hybrid simulation are compared to those provide by ABAQUS model.The consistent results indicate the feasibility of the hybrid simulation.

关 键 词：风电塔 长周期地震动 风-地震耦合 混合试验 脉动风荷载 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程] TU352.1[建筑科学—结构工程]