松针鞘瘿蚊在黑松冠层的空间分布特征与脱瘿节律研究  

Spatial distribution characteristic of Thecodiplosis japonensis in the canopy of Pinus thunbergii and the time rhythm of larvae disengaging from galls

作　　者：刘慇[1] 段春华[1] 亓玉昆[1] 刘焕秀[1] 康智[1] 陈汝敏 武海卫[1] LIU Yin;DUAN Chun-Hua;QI Yu-Kun;LIU Huan-Xiu;KANG Zhi;CHEN Ru-Min;WU Hai-Wei(Shandong Academy of Forestry,Jinan 250014,China;Huangdao District Natural Resources Bureau,Qingdao 266555,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省林业科学研究院,济南250014 [2]黄岛区自然资源局,山东青岛266555

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2021年第3期752-757,共6页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2018YFC1200400)。

摘　　要：为掌握松针鞘瘿蚊Thecodiplosis japonensi s幼虫在黑松冠层的分布特征和脱瘿节律,本文采用标准株调查法,调查了松针鞘瘿蚊幼虫在冠层的不同方位的虫口密度。采用陷阱法,调查了不同时期越冬幼虫的下树数量。结果表明,在黑松树冠的顶梢、上层、中层、下层,松针受害率分别为67.42%、68.59%、52.22%和38.41%;松针鞘瘿蚊虫口数量分别为53.40、58.17、57.93和47.69头/枝。在东、西、南、北、顶梢5个方向,松针受害率分别为49.19%、53.10%、45.76%、57.72%和67.42%;松针鞘瘿蚊虫口数量分别为64.54、51.92、52.61、53.99和53.40头/枝。12月下旬和翌年4月上旬是松针鞘瘿蚊越冬幼虫的脱瘿高峰期,脱瘿幼虫的比例达到瘿内全部幼虫的90%以上。研究结果明确了松针鞘瘿蚊在树冠的分布特征和脱瘿规律,可为制定精准防治措施提供数据支持。In order to grasp the distribution characteristics of Thecodiplosis japonensi s larvae in the canopy of Pinus thunbergii and the time rhythm that they disengage from galls,the population density of T.japonensi s larvae at different positions in the canopy of P.thunbergii were investigated through the investigation of sample trees and the number of overwintering larvae in different periods was investigated by using trap method.The results showed that in the top,upper,middle and lower parts of the canopy of P.thunbergii,the damage rates of pine needles were 67.42%,68.59%,52.22%and 38.41%respectively,and the number of T.japonensi s larvae in each shoots were 53.40,58.17,57.93 and 47.69 respectively.In the five directions of East,West,South,North and top,the damage rates of pine needles were 49.19%,53.10%,45.76%,57.72%and 67.42%respectively,and the number of T.japonensi s larvae in each shoots were 64.54,51.92,52.61,53.99 and 53.40,respectively.More than 90%of all larvae leaved the galls and dropped to the soil at two peak periods,late December and early April of the following year.The results could provide reference for the prevention and control of Thecodiplosis japonensi s larvae.

关 键 词：松针鞘瘿蚊 入侵害虫 空间分布 虫瘿 致瘿昆虫 脱瘿 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]