横刃修磨高长径比微细钻削刀具的钻削性能研究  

Research on Drilling Performance of High-aspect-ratio Micro-drill with Thinned Chisel Edge

作　　者：梁志强[1,2] 马悦 陈建军 李玉 马丹 曹宇轩 蔡荣宾 郭海新 王西彬[2] LIANG Zhiqiang;MA Yue;CHEN Jianjun;LI Yu;MA Dan;CAO Yuxuan;CAI Rongbin;GUO Haixin;WANG Xibin(Institute of Engineering Medicine,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081;Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science for Advanced Machining,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081;Shanxi Diesel Engine Industry Co.,Ltd.,Datong 037036;AECC South Industry Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412002)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学医工融合研究院,北京100081 [2]北京理工大学先进加工技术国防重点学科实验室,北京100081 [3]山西柴油机工业有限责任公司,大同037036 [4]中国航发南方工业有限公司,株洲412002

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2021年第7期244-252,共9页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFB1311100);国家自然科学基金(51975053);基础科研项目(DEDPZF)资助项目。

摘　　要：横刃修磨方法是一种提高钻削刀具加工性能的有效手段。针对横刃修磨高长径比微钻,建立了刀具螺旋槽、非共轴螺旋后刀面和十字型横刃的数学模型,并基于六轴数控工具磨床刃磨制备出直径0.5 mm、长径比为10的横刃修磨高长径比非共轴螺旋后刀面微钻。在304不锈钢材料上开展了普通高长径比微钻和横刃修磨高长径比微钻的对比钻削试验研究,从钻削力、刀具磨损、微小深孔加工质量等方面分析了横刃修磨对高长径比微细钻削刀具钻削性能的影响。结果表明,与普通高长径比微钻相比,横刃修磨高长径比微钻的钻削轴向力和钻尖磨损程度明显降低,在钻削5个微小深孔后,横刃修磨高长径比微钻的后刀面和横刃的最大磨损宽度分别减小了26%和32%;横刃修磨高长径比微钻所加工的微小深孔具有更规则的入口形状、更低的圆度误差和孔壁粗糙度。研究证实了横刃修磨方法能够显著提高高长径比微钻的钻削性能。Chisel edge thinning is an efficient means to improve the machining performance of drilling tools. As for the high-aspect-ratio micro-drill with thinned chisel edge, the mathematics models of helical flute, non-coaxial helical flank and cross-shaped chisel edge are established, and the micro-drills with diameter of 0.5 mm and aspect ratio of 10 are fabricated by a six-axis CNC grinding machine. The comparative drilling experiment is carried out on 304 stainless steel using high-aspect-ratio micro-drills with and without thinned chisel edge, and the influence of chisel edge thinning on the drilling performance of high-aspect-ratio micro-drill is analyzed from the aspects of thrust force, tool wear and machining quality of micro deep hole. The results show that the thrust force and drill tip wear of the high-aspect-ratio micro-drill with thinned chisel edge are dramatically reduced compared to the ordinary micro-drill. After drilling five micro deep holes, the maximum wear width of the drill flank and chisel edge of high-aspect-ratio micro-drill with thinned chisel edge is reduced by 26% and 32%, respectively. And the micro deep holes obtained by the micro-drill with thinned chisel edge, have better entrance shape, lower micro-hole roundness and hole-wall roughness. It is demonstrated that the chisel edge thinning method can significantly improve the drilling performance of high-aspect-ratio micro-drill.

关 键 词：微小深孔 高长径比微钻 横刃修磨 刀具刃磨 钻削性能 

分 类 号：TG713[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具]