浙江省海洋捕捞总量管理对策分析及日本经验借鉴  

Analysis on the countermeasures of total marine catch management in Zhejiang Province and the related references from Japan

作　　者：张溢卓 张峰玮 ZHANG Yi-zhuo;ZHANG Feng-wei(Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Beijing 100141,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院,北京100141

出　　处：《中国渔业经济》2021年第3期50-56,共7页Chinese Fisheries Economics

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院院部中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目“浙江省中心渔港海洋捕捞总量管理实施情况跟踪研究”(2018C008)资助。

摘　　要：浙江省先行开展海洋渔业资源总量管理试点工作,目前工作落实情况良好,该工作是我国落实产出管理政策的重要一步。浙江省加强捕捞渔船源头管控,各市压减渔船数量,努力实现浙江省海洋捕捞总产量与海洋渔业资源承载能力相协调方向发展。同时,浙江省海洋捕捞总量管理遇到了总可捕捞量测定科学依据不足、规划分配机制不完善、法律法规不健全等发展瓶颈。日本在海洋捕捞产出管理方面发展较早且具有一定启示作用,2018年以来日本在以往经验基础上又推进新一轮渔业改革,特别提出将构建新的资源管理系统。由此,对浙江省建议如下:1.选出高经济价值或捕捞量多的水产品为产出管理对象,在重要洄游通道和资源量丰富的海区进行长期生物资源监测。在此基础上科学测算可持续捕捞数值,并逐步增加水产品监测品种。2.运用"看得见、摸得清"的资源准确数据,在捕捞环节搭载渔船ICT数据接受设备从产地进行数据收集,在流通加工环节开发图像识别技术提高渔获水产品鉴别效率。3.向浙江省各层级渔业主管部门汇报渔获情况,加强对渔业资源利用合理利用的法律保障。Zhejiang Province takes the lead in the pilot work of total amount management of marine fishery resources, and the work is well implemented, which is an important step for China to implement the output management policy. Zhejiang Province strengthens the source control of fishing vessels, reduces the number of fishing vessels, and strives to achieve the coordinated development of the total marine fishing output and the carrying capacity o f marine fishery resources. On the other hand, there are some development bottlenecks, such as the lack of scientific basis for the determination of total allowable catch, imperfect planning and allocation mechanism, and imperfect laws and regulations. Since 2018, Japan has promoted a new round of fishery reform on the basis of previous experience, especially proposed to build a new resource management system. The suggestions are as follows. Firstly, select aquatic products with high economic value or large catch as the objects of output management, and conduct long-term biological resources monitoring in important migration channels and resource rich sea areas. On this basis, scientific calculation of sustainable fishing value, and gradually increase the variety of aquatic products monitoring. Secondly, using the accurate data of "visible and clear" resources, carrying ICT data receiving equipment of fishing vessels in the fishing link to collect data from the origin, and developing image recognition technology in the circulation processing link to improve the identification efficiency of fishery products. Thirdly, report the catch to the fishery authorities at all levels in Zhejiang Province, and strengthen the legal guarantee for the rational utilization of fishery resources.

关 键 词：浙江省 海洋捕捞 总量管理 借鉴 日本 

分 类 号：F326.401[经济管理—产业经济]