农村集体产权改革背景下成员共益权的实现困境与出路  

The Predicament and Outlet of the Realization of the Members’Common Interests under the Background of the Rural Collective Property Right Reform

作　　者：肖盼晴 XIAO Panqing

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学中国农村研究院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第4期68-75,共8页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“扩展性政治:产权改革中权能拓展的参与效应研究”(20YJC810015)。

摘　　要：农村集体成员的共益权属于程序性权利,直接关系乡村有效治理能否实现。伴随着集体产权改革的推进,集体资产的权利主体与集体事务的管理主体不再完全重叠。股权固化进一步增强了集体成员权的封闭性和排他性,但集体产权的权能拓展允许外部主体的参与和介入,增加了集体的异质性、开放性。上述变化导致集体的开放性与成员权利的封闭性之间矛盾凸显,使集体成员共益权的行使陷入困境。为此,应明确以户确权、股权固化背景下户内成员共有权的性质,完善期待性利益的转化机制以解决股权固化与成员变动之间的矛盾。并要实现成员股东、成员非股东和股东非成员等三种不同主体的权利分置,保障集体成员权排他性的同时兼顾外来主体的权益。同时赋予集体成员和外来主体知情、监督和救济等权利,从而实现监督性权利的共享和责任的共担,保障成员共益权的实现和集体秩序的良好运行。The common interest of rural collective members is the procedural right,which directly affects the realization of effective rural governance.With the advancement of the reform of collective property rights,the right subject of collective assets and the management subject of collective affairs no longer overlap each other completely.The consolidation of stock rights further enhances the closure and exclusiveness of collective membership rights,but the expansion of collective property rights also allows the participation and intervention of external subjects,which leads to the increase of heterogeneity and openness of the collective.The above-mentioned changes would trigger the contradiction between the openness of the collective and the closeness of the rights of the members,which brings the exercise of the collective rights into a difficult situation.Therefore,it is necessary to define the nature of the common ownership of the household members under the background of ownership confirmation and ownership consolidation,and to further perfect the mechanism of the transformation of the expected benefits to solve the contradiction between ownership consolidation and ownership change.Moreover,it is necessary to realize the separation of the rights of the member shareholders,the member non-shareholders,and the shareholder non-members,to guarantee the exclusiveness of the collective membership rights and take into account the rights and interests of the external parties.Meanwhile,the right to know,the right to supervise,and the right to relief should be given to the collective members and the external parties,to realize the sharing of the supervisory rights and the sharing of the responsibilities,and to ensure the realization of the collective rights and the good operation of the collective order.

关 键 词：集体产权 成员共益权 权利分置 责任共担 

分 类 号：D922.32[政治法律—法学] F301.1[经济管理—产业经济]