纤维微塑料在印染废水产排污环节的赋存特征  

Occurrence and release of fibrous microplastic from dyeing and printing wastewater

作　　者：徐晨烨 顾春节 倪亦凡 沈忱思[1] 王华平[2] 乌婧 李方[1] XU Chenye;GU Chunjie;NI Yifan;SHEN Chensi;WANG Huaping;WU Jing;LI Fang(School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China;School of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]东华大学材料科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《纺织学报》2021年第6期26-34,共9页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFE0201400);国家自然科学基金项目(22006010)。

摘　　要：印染废水的末端排放是自然水体中纤维微塑料的重要来源之一,为了解长三角印染行业纤维微塑料的产排特征和环境归趋,采集了22家印染企业调节池进水及末端出水样品,分析纤维微塑料的丰度、形态、聚合物类型及去除率。结果表明:纤维微塑料在进出水样品中的平均丰度为(7504.8±5685.9)及(1272.7±782.2)个/L,其中聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯为主要贡献者,Kruskal-Wallis检验并未发现织物原材料对聚合物组成有显著影响;进水中100~300μm和无色透明的纤维微塑料占主导,处理后出水中尺寸小于100μm和有色纤维的比例有所上升,这与纤维微塑料的性能和末端处理截留效率有关;尽管末端处理对纤维微塑料的平均去除率可达(78.3±10.2)%,纤维微塑料通过印染末端废水的排放量为(3.88±5.75)×10^(9)个/d,由此带来的水体生态风险是持续且积累的。该研究结果可为我国纺织污染新型污染物的评估及进一步去除微塑料的工艺设计提供数据和参考。Fibrous microplastic(MP)derived from textile printing and dyeing industry are considered to be an important source of MPs in the aquatic environment.In order to understand the pollution emission characteristics and environmental behaviors of fibrous MP from the industry in the Yangtze River Delta,the regulation influent and end effluent samples from 22 textile printing and dyeing enterprises were collected to analyze the abundance,morphology,polymer types and removal efficiencies of fibrous MP.It was found that fibrous MP were occurred in all samples with average abundance of(7504.8±5685.9)and(1272.7±782.2)n/L in influent and effluent samples,respectively.PET was the major polymer type,but no significant association was observed between raw materials and polymer compositions in wastewater.fibrous MP of sizes with 100-300μm and with transparent color dominated the influent,but small-sized(<100μm)and colored fibrous MP increased across the treatment systems,which was attributable to the fibers characterization and treatment pathways.Overall,the removal rates of fibrous MP were(78.3±10.2)%,removal efficiencies were positively correlated with sizes.Ecological risks assessment indicated that(3.88±5.75)×10^(9) n/d fibrous MP from effluent were still released due to the huge daily capacity,which posed potential and lasting pressure on the aquatic environment.This findings from this research provide technical understanding on fibrous MP in wastewater effluents channel and their composition,and help optimize advanced treatment processes.

关 键 词：纤维微塑料 纺织印染 末端排放 去除率 风险评价 印染废水 

分 类 号：TS102[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]