表层静电植入与贴伏石墨烯的湿敏聚氨酯纤维制备及其性能  

Preparation and properties of humidity-sensitive polyurethane fibers with surface electrostatic implantation and adhesion of graphene

作　　者：梁家豪 巫莹柱 刘海东 黄美林 蔡瑞燕 周俊俭 谢权沛 LIANG Jiahao;WU Yingzhu;LIU Haidong;HUANG Meilin;CAI Ruiyan;ZHOU Junjian;XIE Quanpei(College of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, China;Guangdong Bobaolong Co., Ltd., Jieyang, Guangdong 515300, China;Zhongshan Well Dyeing Factory Limited, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528445, China)

机构地区：[1]五邑大学纺织材料与工程学院,广东江门529020 [2]广东柏堡龙股份有限公司,广东揭阳515300 [3]中山国泰染整有限公司,广东中山528445

出　　处：《纺织学报》2021年第6期63-70,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：广东省教育厅特色创新项目(2017KTSCX182);江门市及五邑大学联合创新创业项目(18KZN52,18KZN49);江门市科技计划项目(2018090103950023197);揭阳市产学研项目(2017xm043)。

摘　　要：为制备性能优良、环保且适合编织的湿敏纤维,采用表层静电植入法,在静电场中将石墨烯快速植入熔融状态的聚氨酯纤维表层,经快速辊压贴伏制备出类羊毛鳞片状、湿度敏感的聚氨酯湿敏纤维。通过对纤维的制备工艺进行优化,同时对纤维的结构和性能进行分析。结果表明:聚氨酯湿敏纤维的最佳制备工艺为电极板接收距离为15 cm,电压为45 kV,温度为50℃,植入时间为15 s;当石墨烯质量分数为4.1%时,湿敏纤维的电导率为7.0 S/m,断裂强度为94.9 MPa,断裂伸长率91.5%;该湿敏纤维具有良好的湿度敏感稳定性,在高湿环境下具有良好的电阻敏感性,在低湿下具有更短的响应时间(16 s)和恢复时间(26 s);该湿敏纤维在腐蚀性气体环境和柔性智能电子纺织品上具有广泛的应用潜力。In order to achieve good performance,eco-friendliness and suitability for weaving humidity sensitive fiber,surface electrostatic implantation method was adopted in this research.Pieces of graphene were accelerated in electrostatic field and implanted rapidly onto the surface of melting polyurethane fiber,adhesion of graphene on the fiber surface was achieved after rapid roll pressing,leading to a wool scale-like fiber surface.The preparation process of the fiber was optimized,and the structure and properties of the fiber were characterized.The optimal process was found to be electrode plate distance 15 cm,preparation voltage 45 kV,preparation temperature 50℃,and the implantation time 15 s.Research results show that when the graphene content is 4.1%,the conductivity is 7.0 S/m,the breaking strength and elongation at break are 94.9 MPa and 91.5%,respectively,that the humidity sensitive fiber has good sensitive stability,and good humidity sensitivity in high humidity environment,and that response time and the recovery time in low humidity environment are only 16 s and 26 s respectively.The humidity sensitive fiber could be widely applied in corrosive gas environment and flexible intelligent electronic textiles.

关 键 词：石墨烯 聚氨酯纤维 湿敏纤维 静电植入 湿度传感 智能纺织品 

分 类 号：TS159[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]