电熔爆等离子体电弧的多场耦合仿真与试验分析  

Multi-field coupling simulation and experimental analysis of electrofusion explosion plasma arc

作　　者：康盼 刘军强[1] 吴伏家[1] 周浩 KANG Pan;LIU Junqiang;WU Fujia;ZHOU Hao(Xi’an Technological University,Xi’an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工业大学,西安710021

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2021年第6期69-74,共6页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

摘　　要：针对电熔爆加工过程中等离子体电弧分布研究量化程度不足的现状,运用磁流体动力学理论,建立了包含阴极-等离子体电弧-阳极表面的二维数学模型,采用Comsol有限元仿真软件求解出不同加工电流等离子体电弧温度场、压力场、电势场及阳极表面电流密度分布特性,并根据电熔爆等离子体电弧的加工需求搭建了试验系统,对仿真结果进行验证。研究结果表明:增大加工电流可提高电弧最高温度,使电熔爆放电通道内温度和压力梯度增大,造成放电通道不稳定;增大电流使电弧受到指向电弧中心的电磁力增加,导致电弧收缩明显,加工能量过于集中,使加工表面质量降低;在电流100~175 A之间,加工后表面粗糙度可控制在Ra 6.3μm以下,试验结果与仿真结论具有较好的一致性。Aiming at the current situation of insufficient quantification of plasma arc distribution in the process of electrofusion explosion,using magnetohydrodynamic theory,a two-dimensional mathematical model including the cathode-plasma arc-anode surface was established,and Comsol finite element simulation software was used to solve different processing current plasma arc temperature field,pressure field,electric potential field and anode surface current density distribution characteristics,and an experimental system according to the processing requirements of the electrofusion explosion plasma arc was built,and the simulation was verified results.The research results show that increasing the processing current can increase the maximum arc temperature,and increase the temperature and pressure gradient in the electrofusion explosion discharge channel,and causing the discharge channel to become unstable;increasing the current causes the arc to receive an increase in the electromagnetic force directed to the center of the arc,resulting in the arc shrinkage is obvious,and the processing energy is too concentrated,which reduces the quality of the processed surface;between the current 100~175 A,the surface roughness after processing can be controlled below Ra 6.3μm,and the test results are in good agreement with the simulation conclusions.

关 键 词：电熔爆加工 磁流体动力学 等离子体 电弧 有限元分析 电流密度 

分 类 号：TG611[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]