考虑生态补水目标的丹江口水库供水调度研究  

Study on Water Supply Scheduling of Danjiangkou Reservoir Considering Ecological Replenishment Objective

作　　者：彭安帮[1,2] 马涛[1,2] 刘九夫[1,2] 黄对[1,2] 郑锦涛 蒋文航 PENG Anbang;MA Tao;LIU Jiufu;HUANG Dui;ZHENG Jintao;JIANG Wenhang(State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;Hydrology and Water Resources Department,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210029 [2]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源研究所,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《水文》2021年第3期82-87,共6页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51709177);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC0403501);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务项目(Y520009)。

摘　　要：利用丹江口水库弃水向南水北调中线受水区进行生态补水是缓解受水区尤其是华北地区地下水超采问题的重要途径。在保障原供水任务的基础上,确定水源区的生态补水启动条件、明确补水时机与补水量、以及揭示生态补水与其他目标间的响应关系,是发挥工程效益的关键问题。以水源区丹江口水库为研究对象,提出考虑生态补水规则的供水调度模型,明确多目标供水调度目标和边界条件;采用带精英策略的非支配排序的遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)获得调度方案集和最优生态补水调度线;进一步分析丹江口水库的生态补水规模、补水时机、以及与其他供水目标间的竞争与协同关系。结果表明,丹江口水库年均生态补水量达7.617×10^(8)m^(3),生态补水时机集中在汛前3~6月,生态补水分别与弃水均值、缺水率呈竞争关系,相关研究成果可为丹江口水库向南水北调中线实施生态补水决策提供一定参考。With the construction of ecological civilization and the effective implementation of underground water pressure and mining strategy in north China,ecological water supplement from Danjiangkou reservoir to the north intake area is the fundamental way to alleviate the problem of groundwater over-exploitation in North China.On the basis of ensuring the original water-supply objectives,how to establish the starting conditions of ecological water supplement,clarify the timing of ecological water supplement and the amount of ecological water supplement,and clarify the relationship between ecological water supplement and other water use targets are important research topics with promoting the engineering benefits.This paper took Danjiangkou reservoir in the water source area as a case study,developed the ecological water supplement scheduling model based on the ecological water supplement regulation,and clarified the multi-objective ecological operation objectives and boundary conditions.The NSGA-Ⅱoptimization algorithm was used to obtain the ecological water supplement scheduling schemes and the optimal dispatching line of the ecological water supplement.The results show that the mean ecological water supplement in Danjiangkou reservoir is 7.617×10^(8) m^(3) the timing of ecological water supplement is mainly distributed from March to June before flood season,and the ecological water supplement is in competitive relationship with the targets of the mean abandoned water and water shortage rate.This study could provide references for the operation decision-makings and planning managements of ecological water supplement in the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project.

关 键 词：供水调度 生态补水 丹江口水库 调度方案 调度规则 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TV697[水利工程—水利水电工程]