文物保护中使用非典型丙烯酸酯类材料的应用述评  

A review of the application of atypical acrylic polymers in conservation

作　　者：龚欣 韩向娜 陈坤龙 GONG Xin;HAN Xiangna;CHEN Kunlong(Institute of Cultural Heritage and History of Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学科技史与文化遗产研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2021年第3期108-117,共10页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项资助(2020YFC1522404,2020YFC1521804);中央高校基本科研业务费资助(FRF-MP-20-53,FRF-BR-19-019A)。

摘　　要：丙烯酸酯类聚合物(Acrylic Polymers)材料具有成膜性、可逆性、疏水性好的优异性能,被广泛应用于文物的加固、粘接和封护等。典型的丙烯酸酯类材料如Paraloid B-72、Primal AC-33等在文物保护领域内应用时间长、范围广,但由于文物材质、保存情况不同,难以满足所有的保护要求。本研究梳理了其他非典型丙烯酸酯类文物保护材料,如Paraloid®系列B-44、B-48N、B-66、B-67;Primal®系列SF-016、B-60A、MC-76、WS-24以及其他乳液型丙烯酸材料。通过对比其基本化学成分、应用对象、方法及效果,以及使用过程中的特征及优缺点,总结了其在文物保护中的应用历史、现状及发展前景,以期为丙烯酸酯类保护材料的选择提供有益的参考。Acrylic polymers have been widely used in the consolidation,bonding and sealing of cultural relics because of their various properties,such as film formation,high reversibility and hydrophobicity.Typical acrylic polymers(e.g.Paraloid B-72 and Primal AC-33)have a long history and a wide range of application in the conservation of cultural relics.However,considering the various materials and preservation conditions of different cultural relics,it is impossible to meet all the conservation requirements using only these popular materials.This paper reviews the application of other atypical acrylic polymers,including Paraloid®B-44,B-48N,B-66,B-67,Primal®SF-016,B-60A,MC-76,WS-24,and other emulsion acrylic polymers,to the conservation of cultural relics.The major chemical components,properties,advantages and disadvantages of the aforementioned materials are compared with regard to their different performances,the objects they are applied to,and methods and effects of these materials.By summarizing the history and current developmental trends,more alternates for the selection of acrylate materials for conservators in the future could be provided.

关 键 词：文物保护材料 丙烯酸酯类聚合物 Paraloid Primal 

分 类 号：K86[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K87[历史地理—历史学]