卓越倡议背景下德国世界一流大学建设的战略转型与变革逻辑  

Strategic Transformation and Inner Logic of World First-class University Construction in Germany's Excellence Initiative

作　　者：胡德鑫 HU Dexin

机构地区：[1]天津大学教育学院/教育科学研究中心

出　　处：《西北工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第2期58-68,共11页Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：天津市教委社科重大项目"研究生教育质量评价体系研究与实践"(2020JWZD48)。

摘　　要：基于创造力系统的分析范式,探究德国顶尖大学如何系统推进世界一流大学建设。在“卓越倡议”的背景下,慕尼黑工业大学提出向创业型大学转型的发展战略以有效提升其国际竞争力。在领域层面,建立包括绩效管理主体、聘任/发展路径与评估标准以及绩效辅导与支持等三个维度的以绩效为导向的终身教职制度,并制定以研究与发展、学术性教学以及学术性参与为核心的适合教师职业生涯发展不同阶段的绩效评估标准体系;在场域层面,建立学院和研究中心并行的跨学科学术组织基本单元,以及一整套以结果和技能为基础的教学基本指导框架;在个体层面,引入能力倾向评估/推荐,与大学/科研机构/企业进行深度合作,积极拓展全球合作伙伴网络和支持学生的创新创业,努力拓展学生的职业生涯发展渠道等。在推进世界一流大学建设的过程中,其通过领域、场域和个体三者共同的作用,形成不断推进人才培养质量提高的螺旋式上升系统,从而推动其在激烈的国际竞争中保持持续领先。Based on the analytical paradigm of creativity system,this paper examines how German top universities systematically march into the world’s first class.In the background of "Excellence Initiative",Technical University of Munich (TUM) put forward its entrepreneurship-oriented developing strategy,aiming to effectively improve its international competitiveness.In terms of domain,TUM established a performance-oriented life-long tenure system composed of performance management subjects,employment/development path and assessing criteria,as well as performance counselling and support.Focused on research and development,academic teaching,and academic involvement,a performance assessing criteria system was also created to match varied phases of teachers’ career development.In terms of field,basic cross-disciplinary academic units were built across schools and research centers.Moreover,a complete instruction framework of pedagogy fundamentals was constructed based on results and skills.In terms of individual,ability-oriented assessment/recommendation was introduced.Collaborating with other universities,research organizations,and enterprises,TUM actively expands its global partner network,supports students’ innovation and entrepreneurship,and explores their career development directions.In the process of its world first-class university construction,taking advantage of the synthetic effect of the domains,fields,and individuals,TUM generated a system where its talent cultivation quality steadily spirals up,which guarantees the university’s edge in the fierce international competition.

关 键 词：世界一流大学 创造力系统 终身教职制度 研究中心 人才培养 

分 类 号：G649[文化科学—高等教育学]