东北太平洋一次强爆发性气旋发展的机制分析  

Development mechanism of a strong explosive cyclone over the northeastern Pacific

作　　者：张树钦 徐建军[1,2] 纪景耀 唐若莹 龙景超 ZHANG Shuqin;XU Jianjun;JI Jingyao;TANG Ruoying;LONG Jingchao(College of Oceanography and Meteorology,Guangdong Ocean University,Guangdong Zhanjiang 524088,China;South China Sea Institute of Marine Meteorology,Guangdong Ocean University,Guangdong Zhanjiang 524088,China;Dianbai District Meteorological Bureau of Maoming,Guangdong Maoming 525400,China;College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences,Guangdong Ocean University,Guangdong Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学海洋与气象学院,广东湛江524088 [2]广东海洋大学南海海洋气象研究院,广东湛江524088 [3]茂名市电白区气象局,广东茂名525400 [4]广东海洋大学滨海农业学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《气象科学》2021年第3期349-362,共14页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：广东海洋大学“创新强校工程”资助项目(230419106,230419053);2020年度广东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(580520052);广东海洋大学科研启动费资助项目(R19045)。

摘　　要：使用FNL Analysis全球格点资料,对东北太平洋一次强爆发性气旋的特殊性进行了分析,发现气旋对其西北部低压系统的吸收合并是其爆发性发展过程中的典型特征,斜压强迫对其快速发展的作用较弱,与西北太平洋爆发性气旋的发展过程存在显著差异。同时,使用Zwack-Okossi诊断方程,从影响爆发性发展的动力和热力因子方面,对其发展机制作了深入的探讨。研究表明,正涡度平流、暖平流和非绝热加热的共同作用使气旋开始爆发性发展,由潜热释放导致的非绝热加热的贡献最大,非绝热加热是其快速发展的主导因子,其中正涡度平流贡献主要来自于中高层,暖平流的贡献主要来自于中低层和高层,而非绝热加热主要发生在中低层,这为东北太平洋爆发性气旋的发展机制提供了一个新的认识。By using FNL analysis global grid data,the particularity of a strong explosive cyclone over the northeastern Pacific was analyzed carefully.It is found that the absorption and merger of the cyclone to the northwestern low pressure system is a typical feature of its explosive development process,and the baroclinic forcing has a weak effect on its rapid development,which is significantly different from that of the explosive cyclone over the northwestern Pacific.At the same time,the Zwack-Okossi diagnostic equation was used to discuss the development mechanism of explosive development from the aspects of dynamic and thermal factors.Results show that the combined action of positive vorticity advection,warm advection and diabatic heating makes the cyclone explosive development,and the diabatic heating caused by latent heat release makes the largest contribution.Diabatic heating is the dominant factor of its rapid development.The positive vorticity advection mainly comes from the middle and upper levels,the warm advection mainly comes from the middle and lower levels and the upper levels,and the diabatic heating mainly comes from the middle and lower levels.This study provides a new understanding of the development mechanism of the explosive cyclone over the northeastern Pacific.

关 键 词：爆发性气旋 东北太平洋 诊断分析 发展机制 

分 类 号：P47[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]